Dynamics of Three-Level Atom Pumped by Electron Bombardment and With Spontaneous Emission
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Date
2018-08-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
We have investigated the squeezing and statistical properties of the light generated
by a three level atom available in an open cavity and pumped to the top level
by electron bombardment. We have determined the quantum Langevin equations and
the equation of evolution of the atomic operators by considering the vacuum reservoir
to be a noiseless physical entity and by applying the large-time approximation scheme.
Moreover, we have obtained the steady state solutions of the equation of evolution of the
atomic operators and the quantum Langevin equations . Then applying the resulting
solutions, we have calculated the mean photon number, variance of the photon number
and quadrature variance of the separate cavity light modes. We have found that the
mean photon numbers of light modes a and b are the same in the absence as well as in
the presence of spontaneous emission. Light mode a is in a chaotic state when the atom
is operating well above threshold, or at threshold, or below threshold. On the other
hand light mode b is in coherent state when the atom is operating well above threshold.
Finally, applying the same solution we obtained the mean and variance of the two mode
cavity light. The mean and variance of the photon number of the two-mode light is
greater in the absence than in the presence of spontaneous emission. Moreover, we have
determined the quadrature squeezing of the two mode cavity light. It is found that the
two-mode light is in squeezed state with a maximum quadrature squeezing of 50% below
the coherent state level. The maximum squeezing of the two-mode light occurs when
the atom is operating below vacuum state.
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Dynamics of Three-Level Atom, Electron Bombardment, With Spontaneous Emission