CHARACTERIZATION OF SHEEP AND GOAT SKIN LESIONS CAUSED BY DIFFERENT AGENTS AND IMPACT ON THE RESPECTIVE LEATHERS AT TANNERIES
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2014-06
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Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the type and extent of damage and to characterize gross and microscopic lesions as well as quality grading of processed skin to crust stage. In this study 500 animals (350 sheep and sheep and 150 goats) were examined for any skin problem from both ectoparasites controlled and non controlled areas. Nine goats and 11 sheep with skin diseases were conveniently selected for characterization of pathological lesions and evaluation of defect in the tannery and quality grading. Ten goats and 10 sheep skins which apparently look normal were also taken to tannery as controls. Out of the 500 animals examined for skin abnormalities 42 % were infested by lice, 15.7% by fleas, 18.57% by sheep ked, 2.5% ticks, 2% mange, and 25% were infected by pox virus. Generally, the predominant gross pathologic lesions were crusts, scabs, pit depression, alopecia nodules, lichenification, fissuring and erythema. In pox infection lesions were macules, papules with central depression which finally became gray (necrotic) lesion and developed to scabs. Histopathologically pox lesions include acanthosis, parakeratosis and hyperkeratosis in the epidermis and the dermis showed vasculitis, infiltration of inflammatory cells such as macrophages, fibroblasts and histiocytes. Generally microscopic lesions induced by ectoparasites were similar with little variation and includes parakeratotic, hyperkeratosis, and infiltration with eosinophils. Perivascular with eosinophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes infiltrations. Different downgrades to leather quality due to various agents were observed at tannery and this includes aesthetic appeal, poor grading and rejection of which 50% were rejected, 15.4% categorized as grade 6, 19.2% as grade 5, and 11.5% as grades 1-4 category (annex.2). Ectoparasites were the major causes of down grading and rejection followed by sheep and goat pox.
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Ectoparasite, Crust, Goat, Inflammatory cells,