Extraction, Optimization and Characterization of Oil from Ethiopian Jatropha Seed Kernels Using Solvent Extraction Method
| dc.contributor.advisor | Abubeker, Yimam (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Zinnabu, Tassew | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-03-08T09:41:28Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-10T14:54:36Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-03-08T09:41:28Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-10T14:54:36Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2017-11 | |
| dc.description.abstract | In this study, the seed of Jatropha curcas was collected from Bati of Amhara Region and it was utilized for determination of proximate and mineral composition analysis of the seed, oil extraction, characterization, and optimization. The Jatropha curcas oil was extracted using normal hexane (62— 78°C) by Soxhlet apparatus. The result showed that the seed kernels consisted of: 55.30% ( w/w) oil, moisture (6.3621% w/w), total ash (5.25 % w/w), crude protein (21.59 % w/w), crude fat (46.57 % w/w), crude fiber (16.77 % w/w) and carbohydrate (3.4%w/w) as its proximate analysis; and Na (31.99 mg/100g), K (1159 mg/100g), Ca (8.65 ppm), Zn (0.308 ppm) and P (0.03g/100g) as the main mineral profile of the seed. After optimization using Design-Expert has been carried out, optimal conditions of temperature (70 C), solvent to solid ratio (10:1), and particle size (0.66mm) have been obtained and an oil yield of 55.28% by wt. was found. After the optimum values have been obtained, an experiment has been conducted and an oil yield of 54.81% by wt. was found which is closely in agreement with the result obtained from the model and the experimental observation and hence validated the findings of the optimization. Physicochemical characterization of the optimized oil yield revealed that it has the following most important properties: moisture and volatile matter (15.4883% w/w), kinematic viscosity (0.014mm o C, specific gravity (0.8567) at 20 2 o ) at 40 o C, acid value (13.0152 mg KOH g-1 oil), free fatty acid value (6.5076 % by wt.), saponification value (140.25 mg KOH g-1 oil), iodine value (104 g I2/100 g), and ash content (0.0811 % by wt.). From the FT-IR result, different functional components like alcohols, phenols, alkanes, easters, aldehydes were identified. The GC-MS analysis result of J. curcas oil showed that the presence of the following major fatty acids: oleic acid (44.61%), palmitic acid (22.55%), linolic acid (13.64%), stearic acid (8.64%), myristic acid (2.63%), 11-Hexadecenoic acid (1.85%) and other acids (6.08%). | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/21011 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Jatropha seed oil | en_US |
| dc.subject | extraction | en_US |
| dc.subject | physicochemical characterization | en_US |
| dc.subject | optimization | en_US |
| dc.subject | response surface methodology | en_US |
| dc.subject | yield | en_US |
| dc.title | Extraction, Optimization and Characterization of Oil from Ethiopian Jatropha Seed Kernels Using Solvent Extraction Method | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |