Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of E.Coli O157:H7 in Cattle, Beef and Diarrheic Patients in Sebeta Town, Ethiopia
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2020-06
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Abstract
A cross- sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020 on apparently healthy cattle slaughtered at Sebeta Municipal Abattoir, on meat at retail shops in Sebeta and stool samples from diarrheic patients admitted at Sebeta health center, central Ethiopia. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of E.coli O157:H7 and to assess the anti-microbial resistance profile of the isolates. A total of 267 animal source samples (120 faecal, 120 carcass swab and 27 meat) and 125 human diarrheic stool samples were collected during the study period. E.coli O157:H7 was isolated and confirmed using bacteriological culture, biochemical tests and Latex- agglutination test. All isolates were then subjected to susceptibility testing with selected anti-microbials and their susceptability pattern was checked. Out of 267 animal source samples examined, E.coli O157:H7 was detected in 9(3.4%) (95% CI= 0.02-0.06) of the samples. When separated by the source of the samples, E.coli O157:H7 was detected in 4(3.3%) (95% CI = 0.01-0.08) of faeces, 3(2.5%) (95% CI= 0.02-0.23) of carcass swab and 2(7.4%) (95% CI = 0.01-0.07) of meat sample. Out of 125 diarrheic stool samples that were examined, 4(3.2%) (95% CI= 0.01-0.08) of the samples were positive for E.coli O157:H7. The study showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of E.coli O157:H7 among sample sources and between considered risk factors. All isolates from animal as well as human sample showed 100% susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin, Meropenem, Sulfamethaxazole+ Trimetoprim, Nalidixic acid, Ceftraxone and Gentamicin. On the other hand, few isolates showed resistance to Amoxicillin- clavulanate, Tetracycline and Ampicillin. In conclusion, this study indicates the occurrence of E.coli O157:H7 in raw meat and the resistance of the isolates to one or more antimicrobial agents. This might point out raw meat as a potential risk to public health associated with the habit of raw meat consumption at the study area, so control measures and routine inspection on the hygienic status of slaughter houses and retail shops is crucial. Furthermore, anti-microbial use at the animal population mainly in food animals should be under practice to ensure consumer safety.
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E.coli O157:H7, Cattle, Beef meat, Slaughter house, Prevalence, Sebeta, Huma