Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Human immune Deficiency Virus and Associated Risk Factors among Individuals with Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Attending at St. Peter`s Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Back ground: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) &M.Tuberculosis are the causes of widely spread infectious disease around the world, especially inresource limited countries. On the other hand the magnitude of HBV infection among Pulmonarytuberculosis (PTB) suspected individuals was not well addressed.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of HBV, HIV & their associated risk factors and themagnitude of TB among individuals with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) attendingat St. Peter`s Specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 387 individuals with presumptive PTBfrom October to December 2019. A convenient sampling technique was employed. A standardquestionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data & associated risk factors from thestudy subjects. Sputum & whole blood samples were collected. Sputum samples were analyzedby Gene Xpert, Florescent Microscopy & Zehl Neelson`s staining technique. HBsAg ELISA testwas done by Murex Version 3 ELISA test kit from serum/Plasma samples , HIV testing wasperformed as per the testing algorithm recommended by national guideline and data wasanalyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results:- Of 387 study participants 214 (55.3%) males & 173 (44.7%) females were included inthis study. Overall 14 (3.6%), 28 (7.2%) & 37 (9.6%) of the TB suspected were positive forHBV, HIV & TB respectively. HBV- HIV co-infection was found to be 1 (0.3%). The TB -HIVco-infection was identified in 6 (1.6%). There was no HBV-HIV-TB triple infection. In themultivariate analysis having partner separated, Alcohol consumption, body piercing & havingmultiple sexual partner were significantly associated with HBV infection. Having partnerseparated, widowed, sharing scissors, alcohol consumption & contact with multiple sexualpartner also significantly associated with HIV infection.
Conclusion: This study shows that HBV, HIV& TB are still a public health issues which needs awareness and health education on the risky behaviors & transmission of HBV ,HIV &TB among individuals with presumptive TB. Further studies also required.
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Keywords
HBV, HIV, Presumptive TB, Gene Xpert , ZN, FM