Spatial Mapping of Water Quality Level in Kebena River
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2020-01
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
In Ethiopia, most wastewater effluent is directly released in to rivers. Kebena River is one of the rivers, which is affected by municipal wastewater generated from different households, hospitals, hotels of Addis Ababa city. The study was conducted to evaluate and map water quality status of Kebena River from upstream (Entoto) up to the downstream (Saris Abo). Water quality index was used to analyze the overall water quality status. The water quality index was determined by considering 11 parameters at 28 station (i.e. total of 308) tastes were obtained. The outcome of the study showed that two sample points at the upstream part of the river is relatively in good conditions. Three out of the twenty-eight sample points have acceptable quality and the remaining sites have shown unsuitable result.
Laboratory result for each(11) parameter indicates that the range of PH(6.35-7.67mg/l), Electricconductivity(433_1425us/cm),Totalcoliform(22_2292mg/l),Dissolvedoxgen(0.1_4.4mg/l),COD(12_649mg/l),Nitrite(<0.0001_20.3mg/l),lead(0_0.00838mg/l),chromium(0_0.2608mg/l),manganese(0.1792_4.8436mg/l) ,reactive phosphors(2.3_75.1mg/l) and Total coliform(22_2952mg/l). At all sampling sites except upstream of kebena river the Physico- chemical, Heavy metals and bacteriological results of water samples were not fulfill the Ethiopian and WHO standard limit
The critical sources of pollutions are toilets from households, hospitals, a lot of hotels and restaurants among others. And also to the rivers in the city there is a constant addition of storm water. As the wastewater from many households is disposed directly to the storm water system are leads to a constant addition of domestic waste water. Solid waste and human faeces are present everywhere in and around the river.
It is therefore concluded that the river in the study area is highly polluted and not fit for domestic use. It is recommended that the water of Kebena River should not be used directly for domestic purposes and also Kebena River health restorative work is require for multiple importance such as ecosystem regeneration, water quality improvements, reduce any negative impacts on the water resources.
Description
Keywords
Physicochemical parameters, Water Quality Index, Ethiopian effluent guideline