Prevalence of Trypanosomosis in Sokoru Woreda , Jimma Zone Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia
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Date
2006-06
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Tsetse transmitted animal trypanosomosis is a serious constraint in animal production and
Agricuhural development in Ethiopia. The vast area adjacent to the Ghibe valley in South
West Ethiopia is tsetse infested where animal trypanosomosis is a serious threat to livestock
economic development. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence and
magnitude of bovine trypanosomosis in representative and selected villages of Sokoru
woreda. to asses and analyze the efficacy
trypanocidals in use. to determine the extent of
the disease based on the study findings to point out and search for the possible. Sustainable
and effective control options of tsetse transmitted trypanosomosis. The study was
conducted
from September 2005 to
Februar 2006. The stud methodology was based on questionnaire
survey , seasonal cross sectional studies and longitudinal study for
trypanocidals drug efficacy
in villages of Abelty and Tiroshashama. The result of the questionnaire suney revealed that
all the interviewees agreed that trypanosomosis was the most important and major
problematic disease in their area. Cross sectional study was done on 515 sampled - cattle.
Animals were examined using parasitological method a buffy coat technique (BCT). A total
of 64 monoconical traps were
deployed
along suspected tsetse habitat in the range of 1.392-
1,629 meters above sea level. And entomological
survey revealed that Glossina m.
submorsitans was the highly prevalent tsetse fly species followed by Glossina pallidipes and
with several Stomoxys spp. The apparent density tsetse was relatively higher in late rainy
season (0.194 flies /trap
/day) at Abelt in late rainy season and none in dry season
respectively where as in Tiroshashama village the
fly catch was 0.028 fly/trap/ day in laterainy and 0.017 fly /trap/ day of G.m. submorsitans and 0.017 G.pallidipes was caught in dry season. The
fl
y catch was declined may be because of the high temperature of the dry season low humidity and bush fire which occurred few weeks before the study period and such condition may damage the suirrable tsetse habitat and also inavailability of favorable
hosts in the area. forced the flies to evacuate to the extreme low land areas towards the river
basins.
Nevertheless
high catches of Stomoxys 10 flies /trap
/ day in late rainy season at
Abelty and none flies of Stomoxys/trap/day in dryseason at Abelty.
Thirteen flies of
stomoxy /trap/ day in dry season 20 flies of
Stomoxys /trap/day in dry season atTiroshashama village were caught. In the parasitological sunvey a total of 515 animals out of
which 180 cattle in late rainy season 335 cattle in dry season were examined with buffy coat
technique and the result showed the prevalence of trypanosomosis was highest in dry season
rainy season was observed. A significa nt difference ( P < 0.05) was noticed between the mean
PCVvalues in parasitacmic (95 % C I 21.24,23.59) aparasitaemic (95% Cl 23 .93,24.73)
cattle.
Description
Keywords
bovine trypanosomosis. prevalence. tsetse fly,