Status of Aflatoxin M1 and Bacteriological Quality of Pasteurized Milk Commercialized in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia
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Date
2018-01
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Background: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and milk products is considered to pose certainhygienic risks for human health especially infants and children.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and bacterial level in 500ml pre-packed pasteurized milk samples commercialized in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted during February to December2017. A total of 65 samples of pasteurized milks of different brands from a variety ofsupermarkets across Addis Ababa city were analyzed for the presence of AFM1 byimmunoaffinity column clean-up coupled to HPLC with fluorescence detection based on themethod of AOAC Official Method 2000.08 and bacteriological quality was assessed for TVBCand TCC based on the methods of US FDA and ISO 4832:2006 respectively.
Result: AFM1 was found in 60/65 (92.3%) of the examined pasteurized milk samples byaverage concentration of 0.382μg/l and most of AFM1 concentration levels range with 95%confidence interval (CI) lays between 0.299μg/l – 0.465μg/l. The concentration of AFM1 in37/60 (61.7%) of the samples was lower than US FDA limit (<0.5μg/l) and in 56/60 (93.3%) ofthe samples AFM1 concentration was greater than the maximum tolerance limit (0.05μg/l)accepted by European Union. The bacteriological analysis result revealed that the pasteurizedmilk samples were substandard in terms of TVBC and TCC. The ranges of TVBC and TCC with95% CI in pasteurized milk samples were 2.1x105cfu/ml to 5.4x105cfu/ml and 1.6x102cfu/ml to3.8x102cfu/ml respectively, and E. coli was detected in 4 out of 65 (6.2%) samples.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that serious risks for public health exist frompasteurized milk consumption and the pasteurized milk commercialized in Addis Ababa city isof low quality. Hence we recommend that pasteurized milk products have to be controlled forAFM1 contamination and hygienic quality monitoring programs are urgently needed to ensurethat quality pasteurized milk is produced and consumed in the city.
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Keywords
Aflatoxin M1, Coliform, E. coli, Pasteurized milk, HPLC