Perception and Response to Flooding Risk in Adama City, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Flood hazard has become a serious challenge and resulted in social and economic crisis in
cities of developing countries. This thesis is aimed at analyzing perception of and response
to flooding in Adama City, Ethiopia. The research was carried out using cross-sectional
study design with mixed approaches (quantitative and qualitative). Data were collected
using Key Informant interview and household survey from high, medium and low flood
risk areas of the city. Household survey was conducted on 312 sample households using
KoBoCollect application software. For qualitative data collection and analysis, 10 individual
samples were selected based on the informants’ knowledge and direct relevance on the issue
under investigation. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify determinants of
flood risk perception. The findings revealed that the high and medium flood risk areas
lacked basic infrastructures and had a greater level of perception as compared with low
flood risk area. The result of the assessment also disclosed that heavy rain, absence of
protective or retaining construction and its maintenance, and poor urban drainage
structure were the main perceived causes while housing damage and destruction of
household equipment, loss of infrastructure and health problems were effects of flooding
in the City. The preparedness and response measures to protect and minimize the
flooding hazard found were householders’ evacuation from their houses, filling sand in
bags and placing around the edges of the premise as well as making a retaining wall-like
structure with a hollow block despite it was not strong. In flood protection measures and
Early Warning System, the support given from government and non-governmental
organizations was inadequate. Thus, the government, community-based organizations
and residents should take sustainable strategies for short and long term adaptation and
mitigation measures.
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Keywords
Flooding, perception, risk, response measures, Adama City