DETERMINATION OF ANTI-RABIES VIRUS ACTIVITIES OF CRUDE EXTRACTS FROM SOME TRADITIONALLY USED MEDICINAL PLANTS IN EAST WOLLEGA, ETHIOPIA
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Date
2017-06
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Abstract
An experimental study was conducted between November, 2016 and April, 2017 at Ethiopian public health institute to evaluate the anti-rabies activities of the leaf of Justicia schimperiana, root of Phytolacca dodecandra, root bark of Croton macrostachyus and their combination at 1:1:0.75 ratio, respectively. The plants are widely used traditionally for the treatment of rabies in humans and animals in East Wollega, Ethiopia. The plant parts were dried, grinded and crude extraction was conducted as per standard of Ethiopian Public Health Institute. Crude extracts were prepared from the powders of these plants using 80% hydro-ethanol and dried by condensation process. The anti-rabies activities of these plant extracts were tested in three different doses: 300, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg in mice and compared with positive control based on the difference in mean survival time of group of mice challenged with rabies virus (CVS-11). The result showed that P.dodecandra, J. schimperiana and combination of all the three plant extracts at 300 and 2000mg/kg dose levels and C. macrostachyus at 300 and 5000mg/kg doses didn‟t significantly(P>0.05) increase the survival period of mice. However, at 5000 mg/kg dose level for P.dodecandra (P=0.002), J. schimperiana (P=0.038) and combination of all the three extracts (P=0.021) and at 2000mg/kg dose level for root bark of C. macrostachyus (P=0.011); the plant extracts were significantly (P<0.05) increased the survival time of mice. The finding illustrates the existence of promising active compounds against rabies virus in extracts of roots of P. dodecandra and root bark of C. macrostachyus at indicated doses preferably to other extracts and needs further research to elucidate its active ingredients targeted to antiviral activity. The results also suggested good correlation between the in vivo anti-rabies virus activities and traditional therapeutic uses reported by traditional healers.
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Msc Thesis
Keywords
Anti-rabies activity, Cytotoxicity, EPHI