Bacteriological Quality and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Isolates from Raw Milk at Selected Dairy Farms in Ethiopia.
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Date
2023-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Food-borne illness affects up to 30% of the population in developing countries eachyear, with great impact on public health, and the economy. Milk-borne infections cause acute, andsevere disease. However, in developing countries there is limited information regarding bacterio-logical status of raw milk. This study aimed to assess the bacteriological quality and antimicrobialresistance patterns of isolates from raw milk.
Objective: To evaluate the bacteriological quality and antimicrobial resistancepatterns of isolatesfrom raw milk at different dairy farms found in Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted from August 2022–April 2023.A total of176 raw milks samples were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. Bacteriological testssuch as aerobic colony count, total coliform, thermotolerant coliform, Salmonella and Shigelladetection, and Staphylococcus enumerations were evaluated. VITEK-2 compact was used for fur-ther bacterial identification, while antimicrobial susceptibility test was determined by disc-diffu-sion techniques. SPSS V.27 was use for data analysis; descriptive statistics were used.
Result: The mean aerobic colony count, total coliform, thermo-tolerant coliform, E. coli,andStaphylococcus count was,3.2, 2.70, 2.69, 2.9, and 3.1 log10 cfu/ml respectively. E. coli (77%),Klebsiella spp. (5%), Salmonella spp. (1.4%), S. aureus (13.6%), S. saprophyticus (9.8%) werealso isolated. Gram-negative isolates showed sensitivity for Meropenem (96.8%) and Ciprofloxa-cin (89.9%) but resistant against Tetracycline (62.2%) and Streptomycin (62.2%). Staphylococcusisolates showed 95.1 % Sensitivity for Levofloxacin and Gentamycin but 92.6 % of isolates wereresistant against Oxacillin. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production was detected in 16.6%of gram-negative isolates, and Methicillin resistance were observed in 30% of S. aureus isolates.
Conclusion: The result demonstrated, the overall bacteriological quality of raw milk is poor whichalso contains pathogenic and antibiotic-drug resistant organisms; thus, the need for effective con-trol measures to improve production, storage, and handling practices is implied.
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Keywords
Raw milk Dairy farms Bacteriological quality AMR Dairy farmsBacteriological quality AMR.