Effect of Particle Size Reduction and Xylanase Cellulase Treatment of Wheat on Rat Hemoglobin Regeneration Efficiency
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Date
2016-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Iron deficiency is probably the most common nutritional deficiency present in the
world population. Predominantly plant-based diets that are constituted of
wholegrain cereals and legumes contain non-heme iron that is poorly absorbed due
to susceptibility to mineral chelating agents such as phytate and polyphenols, all of
which may adversely affect mineral bioavailability. When attempts are made to
remove or minimize the effects of the anti-nutrients, the dietary fiber matrix is often
altered or destroyed, which would make it possible to better target the inhibitors and
to increase their degradation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect
of enzymatic treatment and particle size reduction on and evaluate their contribution
to the bioavailability of iron using hemoglobin regeneration efficiency of rats. Thirty
two (21-28 days old) male Wistar rats were fed with an iron-free diet for 21-28 days
to induce anemia. Then the rats were divided into four groups (n=8 per group) and
fed with a diet which provides 35 mg of iron per kg. Hb measurement was done by
HemoCue. Hematologic indices were calculated and bioavailability of iron was
determined. The hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE), was significantly higher
(P< 0.05) in the control group, ferrous sulfate, n=8 (46.93±4.22), followed by the
xylanase-cellulase treated (37.84±3.99), followed by the micro-milled (31.75±3.62)
and wholegrain (23.66±4.51) wheat flour groups. The HRE relative to ferrous sulfate
group (control 100%), of xylanase-cellulase treated wheat flour was 81.56±14.02%,
micro-milled wheat flour was 68.45±12.23% and wholegrain wheat flour was
50.64±9.64%. The present in vivo study clearly showed that the treatments can lead
to hemoglobin regeneration in iron deficient rats and is thus an important source of
bioavailable iron
.Keywords: Xylanase; Cellulase, Iron, Fiber; Wheat, Bioavailability; Hemoglobin Regeneration Efficiency; Relative Biological Value
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Keywords
Xylanase, Cellulase, Iron, Fiber, Wheat, Bioavailability, Hemoglobin Regeneration Efficiency, Relative Biological Value