Treatment of Brewery Wastewater Using Sand and Carbon Fixed Bed
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Date
2016-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Reclamation of process wastewater is a key to water resources conservation and sustainability.
Since brewery is inherently associated with the use of considerable amount of water, this study
was undertaken to investigate the appropriate treatment of wastewater generated by Heineken
brewery for the possibility of reuse. For this work, samples of wastewater were collected and
characterized. Series of experiments were conducted to determine the amount of alum to use by
Jar test, the property of the sand using sieve analysis and finally treatment of the wastewater was
carried out using fixed bed filtration column consisting of granular activated carbon and sand.
The characterization of the raw wastewater results obtained before application of the treatment
for the biologically treated wastewater showed that 67.11NTU, 89.33 mg/l, 4.4 mg/l, 1.06 mg/l,
4.3mg/l and 1.92mS/cm for Turbidity, COD, TN, Ammonia, TP and EC respectively. Then
Series of jar test experiments were conducted in which the efficiencies of ferric chloride and
alum were compared with in a coagulation/flocculation process at discharge pH. Overall, alum
was found to be a more preferable coagulant at a dosage of 40mg/l. After wards fixed bed
filtration column was constructed from Granular activated carbon and Mojo sand. The sand was
characterized by using sieve analysis and its uniformity coefficient, density and effective size is
found to be 5.67, 1.66 g/ml, 0.15 – 0.85 mm respectively. Sample results of the analysis after
using the fixed bed filtration showed that overall concentration of turbidity were reduced from 73
NTU to 25.92 NTU and COD from 98 mg/l to 32.02mg/l which didn’t fit with the specified
standards for industrial reuse, where as for the conventional filtration, it reduced to 2.22 NTU
and 3mg/l which directly fits with the standards set by EPA, WHO and Heineken for industrial
reuse. So a successive additional treatment of TN, Ammonia, TP and EC were done and resulted
in reduction from 4.4 mg/l, 1.06 mg/l, 4.3mg/l and 1.92mS/cm to 0 mg/l, 0 mg/l, 0mg/l and
0.65mS/cm. These results showed that coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation stage improve
the subsequent filtration process. These experimental results showed that the effluent from
conventional treatment could be reused for boiler feed, cooling and process water.
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Keywords
Treatment of Brewery Wastewater