Assessment of the Water Distribution Network of Adama City Water Supply System
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Date
2019-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Water distribution systems are designed to fulfill all requirements of potable water needed
for decades. Initial system designs frequently consider any anticipated changes likely to
happen. However, as time elapsed they slowly begin to fail to satisfy customers’
requirements. Adama town is the capital city of Oromia regional state. It is also one of the
largest city of the region as well as the country with a total population of around 547,987.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the state of the existing water
distribution system and evaluate the hydraulic performance of the water distribution
network with the aid of computer analysis. The peak hour demand was analyzed to verify
that the existing sizes of network pipes are sufficiently provide the minimum required
pressure at all demand points. The minimum hour demand was analyzed for evaluation of
pipe material and strength of the network.
To evaluate the existing performance of water distribution system, a model was developed
utilizing Water CAD software. The model can be used to solve ongoing problems, analyze
proposed operational changes, and prepare for unusual events. Calibration of data on
pressure at different location were collected. The model run was performed for different
scenarios to analyze the system model, what if conditions. These scenarios are at average
day demand, peak hourly demand and Minimum day demand. Comparing representative
samples of the distribution main’s pressure field-test with the model-simulated values
showed a reasonable and small difference to calibrate the model. The model analysis result
showed the different problems of the system, these are oversized and undersized pipes,
zero flow velocity and low pressures (negative 87m up to 9m H2O) due to pipe size and
topography of the area.
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Keywords
Water Distribution System, Modeling, WaterCAD, Hydraulic Performance, Water Demand, Maximum Pressure, Minimum Pressure, Velocity, Source, Adama