Synthesis, Process Parameters Optimization and Characterization of Banana Peel Based Bio-plastic
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Date
2019
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
In this study, a small scale laboratory bioplastic was synthesized and investigated using banana
peel as raw material. The effect of HCL concentrations, concentrations Glycerol, drying
temperature and residence time for hydrolysis were analyzed. Design of experiment for response
surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze and optimize the simultaneous effect of HCl
concentration (4%, 12%, 20% v/w), Glycerol concentration (4%, 8%, 12% v/w), drying
temperature (40⁰C, 50⁰C, 60⁰C) and Residence time of (5, 15, 25 minutes). A four-factor and
three-level Box-Behnken design was used to develop a statistical model to describe the
relationship between physical and mechanical property of banana peel based bio film and the
chosen independent variables and to optimize the production parameters of banana peel based
bio-film. The model was statistically significant (p ˂0.0001). A relatively good quality bioplastic
with 9.348MPA of tensile strength, 13.523% Elongation at break, 62.883% water absorption and
48.388% biodegradability was synthesized at optimum parameters of 52.424⁰C temperature,
HCl concentration of (2.937ml HCl/25g of banana peel), glycerol concentration of (2.096ml of
glycerol/25g of banana peel) and 14.50 minutes of residence time for hydrolysis with high value
of combined desirability (95.1%). Validation of the statistical model showed an insignificant
difference between experimental and model-predicted results. After analyzing the results of the
primary synthesized bioplastic, a new modified bioplastics was produced with 27 % improved
water/moisture absorption using a Calcium carbonate as filler at the optimum conditions from
the earlier experiments.
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Keywords
Banana peel based Bioplastic, Banana peel, Substrate, Hydrolysis