Parametric Optimization for Adsorptive Removal of Lead Ions by Magnetic Activated Carbon Prepared from Corn Cob
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Date
2022-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Water pollution has been a major challenge to environmental engineers today due to the release of toxic heavy metals from various industries. Among various heavy metals, Lead ion (Pb2+) is considered as highly toxic, and causes various health disorders. Different sources of Lead ion (Pb2+) pollution include effluents from mining, electroplating, painting, and electroplating industries. Among various technologies, adsorptive removal of Lead ion (Pb2+) by using different adsorbents is more promising and economical. Among various adsorbents used, Magnetic activated carbon (MAC) is well known for its high adsorption capacity due to its large surface area, and pore volume. Corn Cob is lingo-cellulosic material that was selected as the precursor for the preparation of Magnetic Activated Carbon. Activated carbon was prepared through prior chemical activation using phosphoric acid following embedding of the prepared Activated Carbon by Iron oxide. The effect of various process parameters such as carbonization temperature, and Carbonization time were investigated on Lead ion (Pb2+) removal efficiency. The results indicated that BET surface area of 504 m2/ g. at approximately 610°C carbonization temperature, and 3hr. of carbonization time was measured. Effect of adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial Pb2+ concentration were studied. Optimum removal of Lead ion was recorded at 0.6 g. adsorbent dosage, pH of 5, and initial Lead ion concentration of 75 mg /l w ith Lead ion removal efficiency of 92.86% and desirability of 0.844 Kinetics and isotherm studies indicated that the adsorption mechanism of Corn Cob based Magnetic Activated Carbon follows pseudo second order (R2=0.9902) while Freundlich isotherm model well fitted the adsorption data with R2=0.9841. In terms of regeneration, adsorption efficiency of CCMAC for six cycles decreased from 89.34 to 34.68%. Corn Cob can be a good precursor for Magnetic Activated Carbon preparation and can be used to remove Pb2+ from wastewater.
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Keywords
Activated carbon, Magnetic Activated Carbon, Chemical activation, Surface area, Adsorption Isotherm/Kinetics