Benefits of Shifting Freight Delivery to Night Time, Considering Routing and Environmental Effects for Addis Ababa City
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Date
2013-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The study aims develop the efficient system of goods distribution from the gates to a city centers of Addis Ababa. The Night Delivery System enables the distribution of goods from freight doors (gates) to the city centers efficiently without compromising the living conditions of the city dwellers, negatively affecting the environment and achieving better efficiency of transport operations. The methods used were conducting classified traffic count at the Gates and adjusted to get final Annual Average Daily Truck Traffic. Using Total Travel time, Length of Travel to Destinations with the classified Traffic Counts both at optimizing the current condition and shifting the whole delivery to the Night has determined the savings in Hour and Kilometer. Finally determination of environmental impacts by conducting direct measurements of pollutant gases at the Heavy Vehicle Inspection Sites. The results showed that the total of 10,725 Freight Vehicles entering and 12,890 Freight Vehicles leave the city of Addis Ababa on average per day. The Gate of Kality is taken as the Major Gate of Freight Entry and Exit with shares of 70.43% and 73.98% respectively. From the Gate of Kality to city centers of Addis Ababa, there identified 6 chosen Destinations of Freight. The movements at the Day time and Night time, the total travel time taken to reach the destinations at the Night time only takes 60 – 70% of the time at the Day time. Also the Total Passing Time at major junctions at the Night time only 17.65 - 28.43% of the Day. The total estimated Vehicle-Kilometer and Vehicle-Hour also 183,873.11 Vehicle-Kilometer per day and 6,784.96 Vehicle-Hour per day. Everyday estimated amount of 36.84 tons of CO2 and 100 Kilogram of CO pollutant gases are released to the atmosphere of Addis Ababa City from the movement of Freight Vehicles from Gate of Kality to the Destinations.
The Freight Traffic shows considerable growth over the years, so with the environmental impacts. Most of freight goods delivery are conducted at the day time where as the Night delivery have Vehicle-Kilometer and Vehicle-Hour savings over the Day time delivery. Most of Freight Vehicles are Aged which contribute much towards environmental degradation. Finally, coordinated implementation of City Logistics measures which reduce the traffic problems and the negative environmental impacts is very vital.
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Road & Transport Engineering