Hematological Parameters of Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction at S.t Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Date

2021-03

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Addis Abeba University

Abstract

Background: Thyroid hormones have a decisive role in metabolism and proliferation of blood cells and blood cells indices. Thyroid dysfunction leads different effects on blood cells such as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and in rare cases causes pancytopenia. Objectives: To determine hematological parameters of patients with thyroid dysfunction at S.t Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from March- August, 2020. Methods: A hospital based comparative cross sectional study was conducted from March to August, 2020, at SPHMMC, Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia. Convenient sampling technique was used for comprising of a total of 180. Participants‟ socio-demographic and clinical information was collected from hospital cards. Initially 10 ml of venous blood samples were collected in to two separated test tubes. The blood specimen in the plain tube used for measurement of TSH, T3 and T4 (Cobase e 411 immunoassay system). Sample in the EDTA tubes, used for CBC analysis (Beckman-coulter hematology analyzer). Descriptive statistics was used to express the socio demographic and clinical characteristics. Independent T test to compare mean value between the groups, binary and multiple logistic regressions were computed to assess association be-tween variables using SPSS version 20. P value less than 0.05 were taken as statistical significant. Results: Of the 180 study participants, 74(41.1%) hypothyroidism and 49(27.2) hyperthyroidism and 57(31.8%) were apparently healthy controls. Of them 137 (71.1 %) were female, most in the age group 26-39 years (84, 46.7%). The result obtained showed a statistically significant decrease in RBC count, Hb, HCT, MCV, PLT counts and MPV in thyroid dysfunction patients when compared with apparently healthy controls (p value <0.05). MCHC, RDW, WBC and NEU% were statistically significant increased (p value <0.05). MCH, MON%, EOS% and BAS%, did not showed significant difference between the groups (p value >0.05). Conclusion: Thyroid hormones have a significant influence on blood cell count and blood cell indices. This study showed that statistical significant difference in RBCs, Hb, HCT, MCV MCHC, total WBC count, neutrophils, PLT count, and MPV between patients with thyroid dysfunction and apparently healthy controls (p<0.05). But no difference showed MCH, monocytes, eosinophil and basophils between those groups (p- value > 0.05).

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Keywords

Blood cell count, Blood cell indices, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroid

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