Bacterial Bloodstream Infections and Their Antimicrobial Susceptiblity Pattern Among Hiv/Aids Patients At Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amahara Regional State, North West Ethiopia
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Date
2017-04
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Bacterial bloodstream infections are important opportunistic infections which cause
high morbidity and mortality among HIV infected individuals. Bacterial bloodstream infections
among HIV/AIDS Patients in Ethiopia is poorly known. Therefore, determining the etiological
agents of bacterial bloodstream infections and their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern
among HIV infected patients in Ethiopia is one of the highest priorities.
Objective: The aimed of this study was to determine the extent of bacterial bloodstream infections
and their in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among HIV/AIDS patients attending ART-
clinic from July 15, 2016 to December 15, 2016 G.C at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar,
Amhara National Regional State North West Ethiopia.
Methods and Materials: A hospital based cross sectional study was conduct among 384
HIV/AIDS patients attending ART- clinic at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital during the study
period. Venous blood samples were collected under strict aseptic condition. Collected blood
samples were inoculated on blood culture bottles and incubated aerobically at 37o c for seven days
for the presence of visible sign of microbial growth. Sub cultures were done on the BAP, CAP and
MAC (Oxoid). Microorganisms were isolated and identified using standard biochemical
techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for each isolated bacteria were determined by disc
diffusion method. Quality of the data was assured through standard operational procedures (SOPs).
Data was entered, checked for completeness and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Result: This study confirmed that among HIV/AIDS patients, 123 (32%) were infected with
bacteremia. Prevalence of blood stream infection was higher in 1-14 years of age group (53.8%)
than other age group. Higher percentage of positive blood culture isolates among HIV/AIDS
patients having CD4 count of <200 cells/μL (76.5%) and used of intravenous catheter (68.6%).The
major isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 49.3% (38/77), Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus
35% (n=27/77) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 41.3% (19/46). Majority of isolates 50(40.7%) were
resistant to five and above antimicrobial agents
Conclusion: Prevalence of bacterial blood stream infections (32%) among HIV/AIDS patients was
higher in this study. Positive blood culture isolates was higher among hospitalized HIV/AIDS
patients with intravenous catheter and low CD4+ lymphocyte count. The most leading pathogens
were S. aureus, CONS and K. pneumonia and majority of isolates were multidrug resistant
bacteria.
Key words: Bacteremia, HIV, Antimicrobial Susceptibility patter
Description
Keywords
Bacteremia, Antimicrobial Susceptibility patter