Situation and Livelihood Change of PLWHA in Adama Town: A Comparative Study of IGA Participating and Non-Participants
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Date
2008-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
HI VIA IDS is the most pressing problem in the lI'orld sillce 'he las I 111 '0 to ,"ree decades,'
particlI/arly ill Ihe third lI 'orid cOlln/ries. 11 has a devastating impact all Jhe flea"" and socioecol/
olllic ll'el/ being of population ill many parIs oj (he developing lI'Orld. J\;{ost ob,';01/5Iy
1-1/1'IAfDS a!Jects hlllllan health and infected people are eithereventually die pre-Illaturely; or they
are less praductive due ta serious a/ different opportunistic infections. In addition, /-IlVIAfDS
increases pover,y in the long run by diminishing assets of households including human physical,
sOcia/,financial Clnd natural capacities. II increases the relative costs o/bolh avoiding and treating
the illlless and damages the jinclllcial assets.
/-Io\l 'e ver, to reduce the long terlll impacts 0/ /-IrV/A rDS pandemic, the Ethiopian govemmel1l
/orlllulates policies and programs to participate PLW/-IA in developmel1l programs like ICA. Such
program are highly practiced ill Adama to",n /ell' years ago by different governmel1lal and NCOs.
The basic objective o/this study is there/ore, to examine the e!Jectiveness of these rCA ill bringillg
changes in the livelihoods 0/ PL W/-IA in comparison to non rCA participants. It is conducted /Ising
pl'imOlJ' source of data. The dala was collected by administering questionnaire, focus group
disclissions and ill depth illlerview. The study is based on both qualitative and qual1titolive methods.
P L IVI-IA participating in ICA alld same number of PLWIIA lIot partiel/Joting in IGA are included in
the study. The survey questionnaires were el/ectively administered to 446 (223 PLWHA ill rCA and
223 PLWHA not in rCA), and six FCD and six in-depth interview were held with both ICA groups
and non rCA groups. The data are processed and analyzed using Ihe Slatistical Package/or Social
Science (SPSS) computer software and descriptive, analytical and inferential techniques \Vas
elllployed to explain the comparison 0/ PLWHAs participating ill rCA and PLI-vI-fAs 1I0t
participating iIlICA.
The study has assessed the major household consumption needs and contribution of ICA to
co ver household expenses in comparison with PLWHA not participating in ICAs. Civenthe
small amount of financial support as Ivell as shortages of technical supports, PLWHA
participating in ICA has better economic advantages to cover their household expenses as
compared to PLI'JIf-rA not participating in ICA. However, rCA has its own drall'backs.
Based on the finding providing technical suppart such as training, a thorough monitoring
and evaluation of the program and networking among concemed government and NCOs
are major recommendations of the researcher. The effort will bring valuable change
provided that there is a strong working relationship among all cancerned parties;
governmental, non-govcmmental and call1munity based e!Jorts.
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Keywords
Livelihood Changes of, PLWHA