A Prevalence Study on Bovine Mastitis in Selected Areas of Ethiopia and Efficacy Test of Medicinal Plants on Commonly Isolated Pathogens of Bovine Mastitis
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Date
2010-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The study was conducted with an objective of determining prevalence of mastitis in local zebu
and cross breed lactating cows and assessing efficacy of seven phytopreparatons on commonly
isolated pathogens of bovine mastitis. The study was based on 369 lactating cows with in small-scale
extensive and semi-intensive husbandry practices in two selected highland and midland
areas of Amhara region and in a large-scale intensive farm in Algae ATVET College. During
sampling, each quarter was inspected for clinical case of mastitis and quarter milk from each
cow was tested with CMT for sub-clinical mastitis. Plants were collected from their natural
habitat, prepared, extracted and impregnated for efficacy test on (n= 12) isolates of
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactia. With combined clinical inspection and
CMT test, an overall prevalence of mastitis was 50.7% (16.0% clinical and 34.7% sub clinical)
are cow base and 39.8% (6.3% clinical and 33.5% sub-clinical) at quarter level. A binary
logistic regression analysis showed statistical associations of intensive farms (OR= 10.727, p=
0.000) with the disease than extensive husbandry practices. Cows at third and above lactation
were statistically associated (OR= 5.418, P = 0.000) with mastitis than cows at first lactation.
From seven plants tested for efficacy Bereza, Commicarpus pediculosus, Cyphostemum
adenocaule and Xanthium stramarium showed visible zone of inhibitions. There was a
significant difference' observed within mean zone of inhibition of plant types. Mean zone of
inhibition from 20% Commicarpus pediculosus (29.00mm) was found statistically higher than
(P<O.OI) mean from 20% Bereza (19.83mm). (P<O.Olmm) mean from 20% Cyphostemum
(26.17mm) mean zone of inhibition from 20% Commicarpus pediculosis was also found
statistically higher (P<O.OOI) than mean from penicillin G resistant isolates (19.13nml) and
(P<O.OOI) than mean from oxytetracycline resistant isolates (11.25mm), 66.7% and 33 .3% of
the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to penicillin in G and oxytetracycline,
respectively. The higher prevalence of mastitis and drug resistance development of isolates
results economic loss to increase in a farm with a subsequent effect at national level. To combat
the loss an effective control program needs to b e implemented. Finding alternatives for drug
resistance are of the lections taken for the control program. in-vitro experiment result of plant
efficacy in this study will be used as an input to solve the problem.
Key words: Breed/ C:ow/Orug resistance/Economic loss/Efficacy/Ex traction/ Impregnation/
Plants/ Prevalence/ Mastitis/ Mean
Description
Keywords
Breed/ C:ow/Orug resistance/Economic loss/Efficacy/Ex traction/ Impregnation/ Plants/ Prevalence/ Mastitis/ Mean