Seroprevalence and Outbreak Investigation of Foot and Mouth Disease in Selected Sites of Tigray Region
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Date
2010-06-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The present study was conducted in selected sites of Tigray Regional State from September
2009 to May 2010 with the objectives of determining the seroprevalence of foot and mouth
disease, its associated risk factors and identification of serotypes existing in the Region. For
seroprevalence and serotyping a total of 1138 cattle sera and 5 tissue samples were collected
respectively and investigated using ELISA and PCR . Out of the total sera 446 (39.2%) were
seropositives and SAT2 was detected from outbreak investigated from Maykadra using PCR.
Seroprevalence in different age groups showed 40.4% (212/525), 38.7% (147/380) and 37.3%
(87/373) in age groups 1-3, 3-6 and> 6 years with no statistical significance difference
(P>0.05) among the groups. The seroprevalence in the different breeds was 40.6% (3231795)
32.2% (S71177), and 39.2% (661166) in local, cross and exotic breeds respectively with
slightly higher prevalence in local breeds even though there is no statistical difference
(P>0.05) among the breeds. The serosurveillance result between male and female were also
recorded with values of 39.8% (2791701) and 38.2% (167/437), respectively, with no statistical
difference between sexes (P>O.OS). Highest prevalence was recorded in Hintalowejerat peasant
association 70.8% (85/120), the prevalence in the different peasant associations were 6S.8%
(98/149), 4S.9% (68/148) and 38.2% (63/16S) in Gijet, Wukro and Shinkemajo, respectively.
Similarly, the prevalence of the disease in Maymesanu, Agazi, Mekhoni and Dibla were 37.7%
(29177), 21.9% (33/ISI), 21.6% (54 /250) and 21.5% (16/78), respectively. The variation was
significant in the peasant associations (p<0.05). The occurrence of the disease was due to
unregulated movement of animals from one region to another region and across boundaries
and contact among different animals in different watering and grazing points. In addition,
absence of vaccination program against the disease was reported by respondents. Vaccination,
movement control and separation of different animals for reduction of the prevalence of the
disease as a whole are suggested as actions recommended to mitigate FMD in Tigray Region.
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Keywords
Age, breed, cattle, FMD, seroprevalence, serotypes, sex, Tigray Region