Assessment Of Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Postoperative Metabolic Acidosis In Patients Underwent Open Heart Surgery At TASH And CCE, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (2025 G.C): A multi-center retrospective cross-sectional study
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Date
2025-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Metabolic acidosis is a pathologic process that results in increased hydrogen ion concentration and/or decreased bicarbonate ion concentration. Acidemia is defined by a pH <7.35 and occurs when the body’s natural acid/base homeostatic mechanisms are unable to compensate appropriately to the underlying cause. Postoperative metabolic acidosis (PMA) is a critical complication following cardiac surgery.
Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of post-operative metabolic acidosis among patients who undergone open cardiac surgery at TASH and CCE from 2021-2024.
Methodology: An institutional based multi-center retrospective cross-sectional study was done among all patients who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass surgery from 2021to 2024. Data was collected from patient chart review. The collected data was entered into Epi-data version 4.7 and export to Stata 17 for analysis. Descriptive statistics for categorical and continuous variables was done. Variables fitted on univariate analysis was entered into multivariable analysis to show the strength of association and statically significant variable.
Result: A total of 212 patients were included in this study, which 38.68% had postoperative metabolic acidosis. Among these patients 43 (20.28%) and 169 (79.71%) were from TASH and CCE, respectively. Nearly half of the patients were male (48.58%) and the rest (51.42%) were female. Diabetes mellitus (AOR 3.64, p=0.029), surgery time > 4 hours, (AOR 4.43, p=0.028), high hemoglobin after CPB (AOR 0.10, p=0.003), and longer CPB time (AOR 5.92, p=0.04) were significant in the final analysis.
Conclusion: This study revealed a PMA prevalence of 38.68% and identified four significant predictors: diabetes mellitus, surgery duration > 4 hours, elevated hemoglobin levels following CPB, and prolonged CPB time.
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Adjusted odds ratio (AOR), Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), Post-operative metabolic acidosis (PMA)