The Pattern and Short Term Functional Statues of Patient Discharged/Transferred From Picu at Tash in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2025-02-05
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Back ground: An intensive care unit (ICU) is a specially staffed, equipped, and separated area in a hospital dedicated to managing patients with life-threatening illnesses. The major causes of under-five mortality in developing countries are often preventable and curable diseases, provided the care is optimized (WHO). Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) play a crucial role in reducing child mortality by providing specialized care to critically ill children.
Objective: This study aims to determine the patterns and short term functional status of patients discharged or transferred from the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, during the year 2024 GC.
Methods: A facility-based prospective cross-sectional study conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. The study included children admitted to the PICU and discharged between February 1, 2024, and February 1, 2025 GC. Data collection involved reviewing medical records and conducting interviews with parents, children, and caregivers of discharged patients. Collected data included demographic information, admission and discharge diagnoses, length of stay (LOS), interventions received, outcomes and functional statues scale at discharge. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the data, including frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factor associated with functional impairment at discharge. A p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results were presented using tables and figures to illustrate the findings.
Results: The sample consisted of 85 individuals, 54.6% of which were male, with a mean age of 39.44±44.87 months. The overall score of the Functional Status Scale was 13.5[12 - 16.5], and the highest scores were observed in the “motor function” 4 [3 - 4] and “feeding4 [1 - 4] domains. Compared to patients who were not readmitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, patients who were readmitted presented a worse overall score (p = 0.001), worse scores in the “motor function” (p = 0.007), “feeding” (p = 0.011).and “respiratory” domain showed a trend toward worse scores (p = 0.055) domains. The most common pattern for admission was a septic shock (28.24%), while Guillian-Barre Syndrome (GBS) was least common (2.35%). The overall PICU mortality was 43.8%. Moreover, mechanical ventilation need Ventilation (COR=11.084, 4.25-28.87, 95%CI :P<0.001),need for inotropic agents (COR= 11.42, 6.72-19.26, 95%CI: P<0.001) comorbidity diseases (COR= 12.53, 7.55-20.79, 95% CI :P=0.001), length of PICU stay from 2 to 7days (COR=2.91, 1.385.18, 95%CI: P=0.005) and severe GCS (<8) COR=28, 14.23-55.28, 95%CI :P<0.001) those variables significantly associated with mortality.
Conclusion: The overall mortality rate of at PICU was higher than the study done in different countries of the world. Evaluation of the functional status using the Functional Status Scale indicated moderate vii impairment in patients after discharge from the pediatric intensive care unit, mainly in the “motor function” and “feeding” domains; patients who were readmitted to the pediatric intensive care unit demonstrated worse overall functional, motor function, feeding and respiratory scores.
Description
Keywords
patient discharged/transferred