In-Hospital Mortality and Its Predictors Among ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients at Gesund Cardiac and Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2025
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Date
2025-05-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which is a severe form of
myocardial infarction (MI), results from complete coronary artery occlusion and is characterized
by high morbidity and mortality. Although STEMI accounts for increased mortality, little
evidence that points to in-hospital mortality and predictors in Ethiopia exists. This study tries to
address this gap.
Objective: To assess in-hospital mortality and its predictors among ST-segment elevation
myocardial infarction patients at Gensund Cardiac and Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
2025.
Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2024 to January
2025. And sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula to obtain a
total of 229 STEMI patients. Data were collected from patients' Medical records with a
structured checklist. Binary Logistic regression was used in order to identify predictors of
STEMI in-hospital mortality, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05 and 95% confidence
level.
Results: Of 229 STEMI patients, the majority were men (86.5%), with a mean age of 59.27 ±
8.93 years. Surprisingly, (13.1%) thirty were Killip class III&IV and (7.9%) eighteen had
ejection fraction (LVEF) of <30% In-hospital mortality was (7.4%, n=17). Killip class III & IV
(COR = 6.8; [95% CI: 3.2–14.5; P < 0.001], AOR = 6.2; [95% CI: 2.9–13.1; P = 0.001]) and
LVEF <30% (COR = 4.7; [95% CI: 2.0–10.8; P = 0.002], AOR = 4.1; [95% CI: 1.8–9.2; P =
0.004]) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality among STEMI patients.
Conclusion: Taken together, the in-hospital mortality rate among STEMI patients in this study
was relatively low; however, advanced Killip class and markedly reduced left ventricular
ejection fraction emerged as independent predictors of adverse outcomes. Tackling these critical
predictors through early risk identification and implementation of effective preventive measures
remains essential to minimizing this burden.
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Keywords
STEMI, risk factors, Killip class, Gensund cardiac and medical center, Ethiopia