Patternsand Outcome of Pediatrics Mediastinal masses operated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital: Five years’ Experience
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Date
2025
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Addis Ababa Uinverstiy
Abstract
Introduction: Mediastinal mass represent congenital anomalies, infectious, Pseudo masses, benign and malignant neoplasms. Over one-half of children with mediastinal mass are symptomatic. Mediastinal mass represents wide
varieties of histologic morphology and require many different forms of surgical and non-surgical treatment. Principle involved in the treatment of mediastinal mass are protection of airway from compression, accurate
diagnosis and complete resection with minimal morbidity.
Material and Method: - Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at TASH, Addis Ababa Ethiopia among children who were operated with the diagnosis of primary Mediastinal mass. Patient demographic, Clinical radiological histological and perioperative information collected. Data entered and cleaned using Microsoft excel and was analyzed using the SPSS(IBM)version 26.
Result: Primary mediastinal mass was found in 15(55.6 %) of male with Male to female Ratio 1.25:1. Mean age at presentation was 3.53 years with a median size of the mass 6.7 cm. The most common location of tumor was posterior mediastinum 14(51.9 %) followed by Middle mediastinum 9(33.3 %). Bronchogenic cyst (37 %) were the commonest histologic type followed by Duplication enteric cyst (29.6 %), Neurogenic tumor (11.1%), Germ cell tumor (11.1%) lymphatic malformation (7.4 %) and other (3.7) %. Perioperative complication rate was 44.4 % and mortality rate accounts 14.8 %. Most common complication accounts for pulmonary complication 25.9%.%. Injury to the mediastinal structure including major vessels, esophagus and thoracic duct accounts 11.1 %.
Conclusion and Recommendation: - Perioperative complications is common after resection of mediastinal mass in children including pulmonary complication, mediastinal structure injury, Drug related complication, SSI and Death. Minimal invasive surgery is possible alternative to open mediastinal mass resection and it has shorter hospital stay with minimal morbidity so our institution can apply this different technique of intervention.
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Keywords
Mediastinal Mass, Thoracotomy, children, Outcome