Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Neuropathy among Ethiopians long-term metformin users in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2025
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Addis Ababa Uinverstiy
Abstract
Background: Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), affecting up to 50% of diabetic patients globally. It leads to significant morbidity including chronic pain, loss of sensation, and increased risk of foot ulcers and amputations. Among Ethiopian Diabetic patients, studies indicate varying prevalence rates, yet limited research has focused specifically on the impact of long-term metformin use. Metformin, the first line drug treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has been associated with Vitamin B 12 deficiency, a known risk factor for neuropathy.
Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic neuropathy among Ethiopian long-term metformin users attending the diabetes clinic of the Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design that utilized quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. Data were collected using a pretested and standardized questionnaire, laboratory tests and also physical examinations. The questionnaires were originally prepared in English and then translated into Amharic to facilitate effective communication with the study participants.
Results: Of the total 390 study participants 246 (63.1%) were found to have diabetic neuropathy, while 144 (36.9%) showed no evidence of neuropathy. The factors found to be significantly associated with diabetic neuropathy include age, duration of metformin use, and fasting blood sugar level.
Conclusion and Recommendations: Among the total 390 participants, more than half were affected, highlighting the substantial burden of neuropathic complications among long-term metformin users. The study found a significant association between prolonged metformin use and the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy. This calls for a national guideline endorsement necessitating screening long-term metformin users for vitamin B 12 deficiency and early
replacement to avoid this debilitating complication.
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Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathy, Metformin, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency