Knowledge, Practice, and Factors Influencing Publication Ethics among Health Researchers and Academicians: Institution-Based, Cross-Sectional Study
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Date
2024-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Publication ethics are rules of conduct for publishing scientific research results.
They aim to ensure transparency, integrity, and accountability among writers, publishers,
editors, reviewers, and readers. The International Committee of Medical Journals Editors
(ICMJE), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), and the Committee on Publication
Ethics (COPE) are organizations working to provide guidelines and recommendations for
authors, editors, and reviewers. These organizations aim to promote integrity, openness, and
responsibility in publishing research results, ensuring high-quality science and avoiding
potential moral dilemmas. However, the extent to which publication ethics standards are
known or adhered to is not well known in Ethiopia.
Objective: To assess knowledge, practice, and factors influencing practice of publication
ethics among health researchers in three institutions.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at three institutions to examine knowledge,
practice, and factors influencing publication ethics among health researchers and
academicians. A total of 588 respondents were obtained from the three institutions, stratified
sampling approach was used. The questionnaire was adapted and modified from an
international survey and a self-administered questionnaire was given to participants. The data
was analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 27.
Results: This study revealed that a significant number of the participants lack knowledge
about prior publication ethics, dual submission, self-plagiarism, and image manipulation.
Authorship, conflict of interest, and plagiarism were well-understood by most respondents.
However, those who engage in dual submission and have a conflict of interest were found to
be more likely to violate publication ethics. This study also shows that an increase in
experience leads to a 7% decrease in violation of publication ethics practices, while an increase
in knowledge leads to an 11% decrease. These findings highlight unethical practices and
suggest areas for improvement in publication ethics.
Conclusion: The study reveals varied levels of knowledge and practice regarding publication
ethics among health researchers and academicians, with gaps in consistent disclosure and
adherence to ethical principles. Targeted interventions, continuous education, mentorship, and
strengthening disclosure policies can improve standards.
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Keywords
Publication, Ethics, Research, Health Researchers, Academician