Magnitude and Associated Factors of Hospital Acquired Infection in Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care unit in Selected Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024
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Date
2024-06-19
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Back ground: Neonates are particularly vulnerable to Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI) due to the severity of the illness, compromised immune systems, and exposure to invasive medical procedures. It is global health concerns, particularly in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) that causes morbidity, mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and higher treatment costs in both developed and developing nations.
Objective: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of hospital acquired infection in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024
Methods: A five-year Institution-based retrospective chart review study design was employed among neonates admitted between January 1/ 2019 and December 31/2023. A total of 401 medical charts of neonates were reviewed from February to Mach 2024 using structured check list. The Collected Data was coded, entered into Epi-Data version 4.6, and analyzed by IBM SPSS version 26 statistical software. Factors associated with HAI were determined using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Statistically significant associations were declared at P- value less < 0.05.
Result: The findings from this study revealed that the magnitude of hospital acquired infection in neonate was 125 (31.2%). In this study variables such as birth weight 14 days (AOR=29, 95%CI: 4.5 186.0) were factors associated with hospital acquired infection in neonates. The predominant causative organisms were Klebsiella pneumonia (33.6%), Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (24.8%), and Acinetobacter (17.6%).
Conclusion and recommendation: Magnitude of hospital acquired infection in neonates in Addis Ababa public hospitals neonatal intensive care unit is high. Therefore, give emphasis for future hospital acquired infection control and prevention activities. A review of treatment modalities and related infection prevention and control in neonatal management are the key to prevention, early detection and management of nosocomial infections
Key words: hospital acquired infection, neonates, NICU, nosocomial infection, sepsis
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Keywords
hospital acquired infection neonates NICU nosocomial infection sepsis