Level of Anxiety and its Predictors among Cardiac Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization at Selected Cardiac Center Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2024
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Date
2024-06-23
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the primary causes of morbidity and death. High level of anxiety is linked to worse clinical outcomes. It has significant effects on the cardiovascular system, including increasing blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen consumption in the heart, mortality, and the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Assessing level of patient anxiety undergoing cardiac catheterization is core component for improvement quality of care and to improve clinical outcome.
Objective To assess level of Anxiety and its predictors among cardiac patients undergoing cardiac catheterization at selected cardiac center hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2024.
Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out among cardiac patients receiving cardiac catheterization at a selected cardiac center hospital from February 19 to March 31, 2024. Participants were chosen using a consecutive sampling technique. Data was gathered from 233 patients by in-person interviews with a standardized questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI-II). Some parts of patient information were filled from patient chart. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted with SPSS version 27. Tables and chart were used to display the results of the descriptive statistics. Binary logistic regression was used to examine relationship between dependent and independent variables.
Result From 233 participant giving a response rate 98.7%, the overall prevalence of anxiety was 61.3%, and history of catheterization AOR = 0.025, CI (0.01, 0.62), previous knowledge of the procedure AOR = 0.382, CI (0.15, 0.97), preoperative nursing care AOR = 0.250, CI (0.09,0.69) , and coping techniques like prayer AOR = 0.2, CI (0.67, 0.6) and music AOR = 0.139, CI (0.54,0.36) were linked to lower levels of anxiety, and alcohol intake AOR = 2.178, CI (1.3, 2.7) was shown to be linked with increasing levels of anxiety.
Conclusion The level of anxiety among cardiac patient was found to be significantly high. The focus on preoperative anxiety reduction among cardiac patient should be one priority of health practitioners. Knowledge about procedure, pre-operative nursing care, praying and music therapy are preventive from anxiety.
Key words: Anxiety, cardiac catheterization, cardiac patients