Assessment of Behavioral Abnormalities among children with congenital heart disease aged 4-14 years attending follow-up at Pediatric cardiac Clinic in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and cardiac center between October 2023-March 2024, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2024
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background:Congenital heart disease (CHD)is a gross structural abnormality of the heart or
intrathoracic great vessels that is actually or potentially of functional significance.
Congenital heart disease is one of the most frequently diagnosed congenital disorders
affecting approximately 0.8% of live births worldwide.(Liu et al., 2019)
Children with CHD are experiencing challenges throughout their development. They
can be affected by several circumstances that may contribute to serious behavioral
problems, which interfere with their normal development, socialization, or future life
(Dahlawi et al., 2020).
Objectives:The purpose of this study is to assess behavioral abnormalities among children with
congenital heart disease aged 4-14 years on follow up at the Pediatric cardiac Clinic in
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, from October 2023 to March 2024.
Methods:A hospital based cross sectional study design was conducted among children with
congenital heart disease aged 4-14 years attending cardiac clinic at TASH and their
primary caretakers. A total of 231 selected patient were studied, pre- test questionnaire
was used to assess socio-demographic characteristics, and Strengths and Difficulties
Questionnaire (SDQ), was used to assess the behavioral problems, data were collected
through ODK and analyzed using SPSS version 27 software package. Mean, median,
mode and standard deviation were used to describe Continuous data; and frequency
and percentage were used to describe categorical data. To identify factors associated
with behavioral abnormalities Bivariable and Multivariable binary logistic regression
analyses were done. Statistical significance was considered at level of significance of
5% (p-value 0.05). Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was
used to present the estimates of the strength of the association.
Result: the over all prevalence of behavioral abnormalities was 61% with a 95% CL.
The prevalence of emotional symptoms was 17.7%, conduct problems 9.5%,
hyperactivity 2.6% and peer problems was 38.5%. first birth order (AOR = 1.4, 95%
CL, (1.15,8.72) , family size (1-4) ( AOR = 10.8 , 95% CL , ( 4.94 , 23.68) , cyanotic CHD
( AOR = 1.8 , 95% CL , ( 1.37, 2.88), present of pulmonary hypertension (AOR = 1.5 ,
95% CL, ( 1.17 , 2.81) and if the child has a history of hospitalization or history of
heart failure(AOR = 8.4 ,95% CL , (3.82 , 18.74) were more likely to have any form of
behavioral disorder than their counterparts.
Conclusion: the magnitude of behavioral abnormalities among children with congenital
heart disease is significant. children with cyanotic CHD, present of pulmonary
hypertension and previous history of hospitalization or history of heart failure are more
likely to suffer from a behavioral and mental abnormality. we recommend children with
congenital heart disease especially cyanotic CHD should be provided with better
counseling services.
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Keywords
CHD, abnormal behavior, SDQ