Safety Profile of Azathioprine among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine And Health Science, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit, Addis Ababa. Ethiopia. Two Year Retrospective Study
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Date
2024-10-23
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Back ground :Azathioprine, is the pro drug of 6-mercaptopurine which is a purine analogue. It inhibits cell growth by directly interfering with nucleic acid synthesis. It has long been a cornerstone in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. As with any potent medication, understanding its safety profile is paramount in optimizing patient care.
Objective :The objective of this study was to assess the safety profile Azathioprine among IBD patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital, Ethiopia, 2024.
Methodology A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the safety profile of Azathioprine among IBD patients in TASH, Ethiopia ,2024. A total of 123 patients who were on Azathioprine for the management of IBD were enrolled. Data was collected from electronic records. A structured questionnaire and checklist was used to collect data. Bivariate logistic regression was employed to look at the crude associations between the outcome variables and determinant variables. Multivariable analysis was done to show the association between Azathioprine side effect and other variables that had a p-value less than 0.05 within the bivariate analysis.
Result Among the total 123 patient involved, the mean Age of theparticipants was 33.82 with SD (±10.24) with minimum of 18 years and a maximum of 67 years.Among the total participants the mean duration of Azathioprine treatment was 28.8 months ± SD (19.20) with minimum of 6 months and maximum of 118 months. The median time gap between side effect occurrence and Azathioprine initiation was 28.5 weeks; and the maximum and minimum dose of Azathioprine were 50 and 150 respectively. Of the total 123 participants involved in the study, 105(85.4%) had no comorbidity, 106(86.2%) of them had Crhon's disease. The prevalence of azathioprine side effect among IBD patient attending at TASH during the study period was 27.64% with 95%CI, (19.63%, 35.66%).According to the correlation of azathioprine side effect occurance low hemoglobin level before initiation of the azathioprine had statistically significant correlation with azathioprine drug with a p value of less than 0.05
Conclusion :The prevalence of azathioprine side effect among IBD patients seen at TASH was 27.64% The commonest azathioprine side effect was GI intolerance followed by myelosupression . There is a positive correlation between azathioprine side effects with patients’ with base line low hemoglobin level .
Key words: Azathioprine, Inflammatory bowel disease
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Keywords
Azathioprine Inflammatory bowel disease,