Human wildlife conflict a case of Gunegedo District in Somali National Regional State, Ethiopia
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Date
2024-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Conflicts between humans and wildlife have existed since the beginning of human history. It occurs and increases wherever factors that increase the overlap between humans and wildlife those are habitat loss, human activity, affecting communities near wildlife habitat and essential livelihoods. Conflicts threaten people's welfare, health, safety and the economy. To mitigate conflicts caused by human-induced environmental change realistic tools and Methods are required. Ethiopia's diverse wildlife threated by anthropogenic and raise conflict. The purpose of this study was identifying the existence and determinant factors of human wildlife conflict in the pastoral community of SNRS in Gunagado district in the selected kebeles. Among 261HH 178 (68%) confirmed that the existence of human wildlife conflict in the study area. The incident confronting 83% of the case human induced. Among the attack on livestock 64% of the event causes death. The results indicate that 34.8 % conflict occurred weekly and 67% of the case was happening during dry season when movement was mandatory in searching of water and pasture. Habitat loss was indicating that 83% aggravate incidences for conflict. The trend of human wildlife conflict 86.4 % shows that as it was increasing from previous time. Hyena was the most responsible for attacking livestock followed by Cheetah and goats attack was ranked first 45% as the result shows followed by cattle. The result shows that households’ age, education status, livestock size and participating off farm activities are the most determinant factors for human wildlife conflict. It also shows that age, education status and participating off farm activities are the most determinant factors HH attitude towards wildlife conservation program. Improving household awareness, develop effective conservation strategies and alternative livelihood option helps to alleviate the challenge and betterment of household attitude towards wildlife conservation in the study area as well as throughout the region due to community having similar culture and livelihood option.
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Human wildlife conflict, livelihood, habitat loss, population, livestock, carnivores and pastoral