Construction Management

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Causes and Mitigation Strategies for Construction Delays in Small- and Medium-Scale Dams: The Case of Phase 1 of The finna oromia Initiative
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Gelana Kisi Baso; Solomon Sertse Desta (PhD)
The Finna Oromia Initiative is an ambitious regional development program launched by the Oromia National Regional Government to enhance water storage capacity through the construction of small- and medium-scale multipurpose dams in four phases. However, projects in Phase 1 of the Initiative have experienced significant delays, undermining their intended benefits. This study investigates the causes of these delays. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design, the research collected quantitative data using structured surveys from key project stakeholders across 24 dam projects and an in-depth qualitative case study of the Finna Oromia Keta Dibe Dam. The findings of the survey revealed that unrealistic initial time and cost estimations, the contractor’s inadequate experience and limited capacity, and price escalations/lack of timely adjustments are the most critical factors causing delays in the studied projects. Other significant contributors are: design modifications, contractor’s lack of commitment, political instability/security issues, shortage and late mobilization of resources, unfavorable weather conditions, and delays in land acquisition/Right-of-Way issues. The qualitative case study of the Finna Keta Dibe Dam further underscored how foundation-related design modifications and unforeseen site conditions led to extended time overruns. The study concludes that construction delays in Phase 1 projects of the Finna Oromia Initiative are multifactorial, resulting from the interaction of technical, financial, managerial, logistical, and external factors. Based on the findings, the study developed practical and stakeholder-specific recommendations on mitigation strategies for the identified causes of delay. Key Words: Construction delays, Finna Oromia Initiative, causes of delay, delay factors, sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design, mitigation strategies, Ethiopia
Assessment of Challenges of Construction Claims Handling Process: The Case of Federal Road Projects
(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06-01) Kasahun Worku Lema; Wubishet Jekale Mengesha (Phd)
One of the issues a construction project might encounter is claim. Construction claim is essentially a demand made by one party to another. Claims will arise whenever a party alleges either an event has occurred or a right is denied or an obligation has not been performed that entitle a remedy to be requested. They may be classified by the related parties, rights claimed, legal basis, or characteristics of claims. Whatever the claim, the ultimate goal is to be qualified for an extension of time or/and additional payment. Studies show that public infrastructure projects have major claims and challenges. Accordingly, this paper analyses the current practice of claim handling process in federal road construction projects, challenges faced claim handling processes & the way it can be improved. The perception & experience of claim professionals involved in road construction projects was assessed via questionnaire & interview surveys and case studies were also used. Accordingly, the result showed that claim handling process in federal road projects has mainly four steps, which are identification, notification, substantiation and assessment and evaluation. There are also three main participants in a typical claim handling process involved in federal road projects; employer, contractor, and claims certifier/engineer/employer representative. Additionally, the result also revealed that many challenges faced during handling of claims. Inaccessibility of documents used to identify a claim, delay in notification claims timely were critical challenges of identification and notification process respectively. Incomplete records/report submission, unsatisfactory evidence to convince other party, poorly submission by contractor/lack of details and particulars were the top ranked challenges of substantiation and assessment process correspondingly. Developing good record keeping system, having good knowledge on terms and condition of contract document, take proactive claim management measure are ranked high by the respondents for improving the claim handling process. Furthermore, to support the survey result the research used some selected case studies and conduct in depth investigation and analysis. The finding expected to provide an important study results for client, contractor and consultant as well as professionals within the area of the study by easily identifying the core and sub-problematic areas. Key words: Construction claim, Claim handling, Federal Road Project, Contract document
Assessment of Challenges of Construction Claims Handling Process: The Case of Federal Road projects
(Adddis Ababa University, 2023-06-01) Jarso Gollisa Roba; Wubishet Jekale Mengesha (Phd)
One of the issues a construction project might encounter is claim. Construction claim is essentially a demand made by one party to another. Claims will arise whenever a party alleges either an event has occurred or a right is denied or an obligation has not been performed that entitle a remedy to be requested. They may be classified by the related parties, rights claimed, legal basis, or characteristics of claims. Whatever the claim, the ultimate goal is to be qualified for an extension of time or/and additional payment. Studies show that public infrastructure projects have major claims and challenges. Accordingly, this paper analyses the current practice of claim handling process in federal road construction projects, challenges faced claim handling processes & the way it can be improved. The perception & experience of claim professionals involved in road construction projects was assessed via questionnaire & interview surveys and case studies were also used. Accordingly, the result showed that claim handling process in federal road projects has mainly four steps, which are identification, notification, substantiation and assessment and evaluation. There are also three main participants in a typical claim handling process involved in federal road projects; employer, contractor, and claims certifier/engineer/employer representative. Additionally, the result also revealed that many challenges faced during handling of claims. Inaccessibility of documents used to identify a claim, delay in notification claims timely were critical challenges of identification and notification process respectively. Incomplete records/report submission, unsatisfactory evidence to convince other party, poorly submission by contractor/lack of details and particulars were the top ranked challenges of substantiation and assessment process correspondingly. Developing good record keeping system, having good knowledge on terms and condition of contract document, take proactive claim management measure are ranked high by the respondents for improving the claim handling process. Furthermore, to support the survey result the research used some selected case studies and conduct in depth investigation and analysis. The finding expected to provide an important study results for client, contractor and consultant as well as professionals within the area of the study by easily identifying the core and sub-problematic areas. Key words: Construction claim, Claim handling, Federal Road Project, Contract document
Assessment of The Effectiveness of Bus Priority Systems and Their Challenges: The Case of Mexico To German Roundabout, Addis Ababa.
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Nyamouch Simon; Berhanu Woldetensae (Associate Professor)
Bus priority system are increasingly recognized as a key component of sustainable urban transportation, offering solutions to congestion and improving public transport efficiency. They are one solution that can help address the challenges faced by the bus transport system in Addis Ababa. This system improves public transport on the road network by providing buses with dedicated lanes, signal priority, and other elements that reduce travel times and improve reliability by looking at the challenges that affect urban mobility. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative traffic data with qualitative input from stakeholders. the study aims how well bus rapid transit (BRT) corridors, dedicated bus lanes, and signal prioritization may improve bus service dependability and cut down on trip times. although concerns such as poor lane markings, enforcement gaps, and lack of public awareness persist. The study finds that well designed bus priority schemes can reduce bus travel time by 66% and improve service reliability by 68%. Targeted recommendations emphasize improve enforcement, periodic infrastructure maintenance, enhanced public awareness, and integrated institutional collaboration. Key words: Bus priority system, road infrastructure, Sustainable Urban Transport, Challenges
Intermittent water Supply and Aging Infrastructure as Determinants of water Quality: Evidence from Lideta Subcity, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-05-01) Dawit Degefa; Tesfaye Hailu
This study assesing the compounded effects of intermittent water supply (IWS) and aging infrastructure on water quality in Wereda 04 and 05 of Lideta Sub-City, Addis Ababa. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates hydraulic modeling—applying the HazenWilliams equation, chlorine decay analysis, and water age estimation—with field inspections, household surveys, and stakeholder interviews. Framed by systems theory, infrastructure lifecycle theory, and public health models, the study identifies critical zones with low flow velocities (below 0.3 m/s) and extended water residence times (exceeding 8–10 hours), which contribute to reduced disinfectant levels and microbial contamination. Field observations revealed severe pipe corrosion and leakage, while community feedback highlighted discolored water, unpleasant odor, and reliance on unsafe coping strategies such as prolonged storage and alternative water sources. The findings confirm that IWS and aging infrastructure interact to degrade water quality and public trust. In response, the study recommends: Prioritize Replacement of Aged and Corroded Pipelines, Reconfigure Network Layout to Reduce Dead-End Segments, Upgrade Storage and Elevation Infrastructure, Establish Routine Maintenance and Inspection and Integrate Hydraulic Mode ling into Planning . Key Words: Intermittent Water Supply (IWS), Urban Water Quality, Ageing Water Infrastructure, Hydraulic Mode ling, Chlorine Decay
Assessment of Price Adjustment Practice on Public Building Projects in Addis Ababa, The Case of Selected Projects.
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-04-01) Hamdu Nesru; Tadesse Ayalew (phd)
The construction sector contributes significantly to a nation's GDP, which is crucial for economic growth and development in terms of the development of physical infrastructure. Ethiopia allocates a huge amount of budget for the development of public projects. Even though most public projects in Ethiopia face challenges to complete successfully within in planned budget and specified time frame. Ethiopia's building industry has faced difficulties due to market price fluctuations and inadequacies of the necessary construction inputs. The study looks into how Addis Ababa's public building projects are affected by price escalation in terms of project performance in terms of project cost and time overrun. The study employed a case study methodology to investigate how escalation affects public construction projects. Systematic sampling techniques were applied for the selection of a few best fit cases and focused on detailed contextual analysis. To measure the impact of price escalation on public building projects, construction material prices were investigated for a different period, and contract documents were reviewed and analyzed to explore the current price adjustment practice to overcome the risk of escalation by crosschecking the provision of different conditions of contract forms. The research shows that the price adjustment practices observed in the selected cases were different on the subject of selected construction inputs for the price adjustment, non-adjustable portion, permissible weighting/ coefficient, and the source of price/index. The number of representative elements for the price adjustment component, fixing non-adjustable factor, and establishment of permissible weight/coefficient was not consistent in the selected cases in this study. On the other hand, Addis Ababa Construction Bureau implements price adjustment evaluation for projects having a duration of less than 18 months in setting a new unit rate in assessing the direct cost of each work item. v Hamdu Nesru , MSc In Construction Management 2025 Assessment of Price Adjustment Practice on Public Building projects; The Case of Selected Projects In conclusion, escalation is a major challenge facing the construction sector in Ethiopia. The high escalation rate on the price of construction materials, labor and other inputs made it difficult to complete public building projects on schedule within budget. Key Words: Construction Projects, Price Escalation, Price Adjustment
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Bus Priority Systems and Their Challenges: The Case of Mexico To German Roundabout, Addis Ababa.
(Addis Ababa university, 2025-06-01) Nyamouch Simon; Advisor: Berhanu Woldetensae (Associate Professor)
Bus priority system are increasingly recognized as a key component of sustainable urban transportation, offering solutions to congestion and improving public transport efficiency. They are one solution that can help address the challenges faced by the bus transport system in Addis Ababa. This system improves public transport on the road network by providing buses with dedicated lanes, signal priority, and other elements that reduce travel times and improve reliability by looking at the challenges that affect urban mobility. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative traffic data with qualitative input from stakeholders. the study aims how well bus rapid transit (BRT) corridors, dedicated bus lanes, and signal prioritization may improve bus service dependability and cut down on trip times. although concerns such as poor lane markings, enforcement gaps, and lack of public awareness persist. The study finds that well designed bus priority schemes can reduce bus travel time by 66% and improve service reliability by 68%. Targeted recommendations emphasize improve enforcement, periodic infrastructure maintenance, enhanced public awareness, and integrated institutional collaboration. Key words: Bus priority system, road infrastructure, Sustainable Urban Transport, Challenges
Causes and Mitigation Strategies for Construction Delays in Small- And Medium-Scale Dams: The Case of Phase 1 of the Finna Oromia Initiative
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-05-01) Gelana Kisi Baso; Solomon Sertse Desta (PhD)
The Finna Oromia Initiative is an ambitious regional development program launched by the Oromia National Regional Government to enhance water storage capacity through the construction of small- and medium-scale multipurpose dams in four phases. However, projects in Phase 1 of the Initiative have experienced significant delays, undermining their intended benefits. This study investigates the causes of these delays. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design, the research collected quantitative data using structured surveys from key project stakeholders across 24 dam projects and an in-depth qualitative case study of the Finna Oromia Keta Dibe Dam. The findings of the survey revealed that unrealistic initial time and cost estimations, the contractor’s inadequate experience and limited capacity, and price escalations/lack of timely adjustments are the most critical factors causing delays in the studied projects. Other significant contributors are: design modifications, contractor’s lack of commitment, political instability/security issues, shortage and late mobilization of resources, unfavorable weather conditions, and delays in land acquisition/Right-of-Way issues. The qualitative case study of the Finna Keta Dibe Dam further underscored how foundation-related design modifications and unforeseen site conditions led to extended time overruns. The study concludes that construction delays in Phase 1 projects of the Finna Oromia Initiative are multifactorial, resulting from the interaction of technical, financial, managerial, logistical, and external factors. Based on the findings, the study developed practical and stakeholder-specific recommendations on mitigation strategies for the identified causes of delay. Key Words: Construction delays, Finna Oromia Initiative, causes of delay, delay factors, sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design, mitigation strategies, Ethiopia
Assessment of Price Adjustment Practice on Public Building projects; The Case of Selected Projects in Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-04-01) Hamdu Nesru; Tadesse Ayalew (PhD)
The construction sector contributes significantly to a nation's GDP, which is crucial for economic growth and development in terms of the development of physical infrastructure. Ethiopia allocates a huge amount of budget for the development of public projects. Even though most public projects in Ethiopia face challenges to complete successfully within in planned budget and specified time frame. Ethiopia's building industry has faced difficulties due to market price fluctuations and inadequacies of the necessary construction inputs. The study looks into how Addis Ababa's public building projects are affected by price escalation in terms of project performance in terms of project cost and time overrun. The study employed a case study methodology to investigate how escalation affects public construction projects. Systematic sampling techniques were applied for the selection of a few best fit cases and focused on detailed contextual analysis. To measure the impact of price escalation on public building projects, construction material prices were investigated for a different period, and contract documents were reviewed and analyzed to explore the current price adjustment practice to overcome the risk of escalation by crosschecking the provision of different conditions of contract forms. The research shows that the price adjustment practices observed in the selected cases were different on the subject of selected construction inputs for the price adjustment, non-adjustable portion, permissible weighting/ coefficient, and the source of price/index. The number of representative elements for the price adjustment component, fixing non-adjustable factor, and establishment of permissible weight/coefficient was not consistent in the selected cases in this study. On the other hand, Addis Ababa Construction Bureau implements price adjustment evaluation for projects having a duration of less than 18 months in setting a new unit rate in assessing the direct cost of each work item. Assessment of Price Adjustment Practice on Public Building projects; The Case of Selected Projects Hamdu Nesru , MSc In Construction Management 2025 vi In conclusion, escalation is a major challenge facing the construction sector in Ethiopia. The high escalation rate on the price of construction materials, labor and other inputs made it difficult to complete public building projects on schedule within budget. Key Words: Construction Projects, Price Escalation, Price Adjustment
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Bus Priority Systems and Their Challenges: The Case of Mexico to German Roundabout, Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Nyamouch Simon; Berhanu Woldetensae (Associate Professor)
Bus priority system are increasingly recognized as a key component of sustainable urban transportation, offering solutions to congestion and improving public transport efficiency. They are one solution that can help address the challenges faced by the bus transport system in Addis Ababa. This system improves public transport on the road network by providing buses with dedicated lanes, signal priority, and other elements that reduce travel times and improve reliability by looking at the challenges that affect urban mobility. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative traffic data with qualitative input from stakeholders. the study aims how well bus rapid transit (BRT) corridors, dedicated bus lanes, and signal prioritization may improve bus service dependability and cut down on trip times. although concerns such as poor lane markings, enforcement gaps, and lack of public awareness persist. The study finds that well-designed bus priority schemes can reduce bus travel time by 66% and improve service reliability by 68%. Targeted recommendations emphasize improve enforcement, periodic infrastructure maintenance, enhanced public awareness, and integrated institutional collaboration. Key words: Bus priority system, road infrastructure, Sustainable Urban Transport, Challenges
Assessing the significance of dedicated bike lanes for sustainable mobility in the Jemo-Mebrat Haile corridor in Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Solomon Kushu; Tesfaye Hailu
This study assesses the contribution of dedicated bike lanes to sustainable mobility within the Jemo-Mebrat Haile corridor in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, necessitated by rapid urbanization and increasing traffic congestion. Utilized a mixed-methods approach, the research employed a purposive sampling method to survey 60 active cyclists using the corridor's bike lanes, with inclusion criteria focused on regular users. Key findings indicate that bike lanes significantly improve cycling accessibility, yet perceived safety remains a critical concern (2.8/5) due to inadequate enforcement and obstructions, acting as the strongest predictor of usage. The study also highlights gender disparities in safety perception and reveals that utilitarian motives like health/exercise (50%) and commuting (35%) are the primary drivers for bike lane use, rather than environmental concerns, alongside a critical need for infrastructure upgrades, policy enforcement, and network expansion. In conclusion, while the bike lanes are a foundational step towards sustainable mobility, their full potential is hindered by issues of safety, enforcement, and integration, leading to recommendations for strategic investments in physical barriers, enhanced policy enforcement, inclusive design, and integrated urban planning to maximize their effectiveness and sustainability in Addis Ababa and similar African urban contexts. Keywords: Urban cycling infrastructure, bike lane effectiveness, sustainable transportation, Addis Ababa, transport policy, active mobility
Exploring Suitability of 3d Scanning Tools to Enhance Facility Management Practices in Ethiopia: The Case of As-Built Modelling Using Ios 3d Scanning Tools
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Selamab Simeon Sumoro; Denamo Addissie (PhD)
which involves ensuring its functionality, safety, efficiency, and overall performance by overseeing the operation, maintenance, and enhancement. In maintenance period, conventional Manual method of measurement, which works without the use of automated or computerized systems, of existing buildings is a common method used currently, these manual method approaches are subjected to human errors, since it is done through human manual collaboration which can lead to measurement inaccuracies. These inaccuracies could cause distinctness with existing condition when performing facility maintenance, repairs, or upgrades. Moreover, this method takes a lot of time and effort. When working in large and complicated facilities in particular, it can be a laborious and tiresome process to manually measure, sketch, and annotate the drawings. In this study the way of using technology aid instruments like 3D scanning usage is investigated. Moreover, it studied the perceived difference of the measurement methodologies between these conventional and 3D scanning tools. the data collection and data analysis are done by taking scanned data from existing buildings taken from Addis Ababa residential buildings. The focus group discussion is also taken to reach the challenges of implementing the 3D scanning devices in Ethiopia. It is seen using 3D scanning tools would decrease a time and an effort with more accurate results and give more detailed information with in the same consumed time than traditional measurement system. Then, after comparing two methods, this study figured out what has been the challenges for the vast applicability of this 3D scanning tools in construction sector. It gives some emphasis on which the barriers making applicability of 3D scanning tools on construction firms of Ethiopia. Some are awareness of construction sector which is a limited exposure to these technologies in academic institutions reduced awareness among professionals. And also, the budget issues that is the high cost of advanced 3D scanning tools that are workable for institutions has been a barrier for applicability of 3D scanning tools. Which means a developing country like Ethiopia could have a struggle since budget shortages. After analysing these challenges, this study develops the suitable approach for applicability of this 3D scanning tools in Ethiopia. And finally, the study sets some conclusions and future directions to improve the applicability of these tools in vast. Key words: - Facility management, Maintenance, Existing building, As built modelling, 3D scanning, iOS device
Intermittent Water Supply and Aging Infrastructure as Determinants of Water Quality: Evidence from Lideta Subcity, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-05-01) Dawit Degefa; Tesfaye Hailu
This study assesing the compounded effects of intermittent water supply (IWS) and aging infrastructure on water quality in Wereda 04 and 05 of Lideta Sub-City, Addis Ababa. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates hydraulic modeling—applying the HazenWilliams equation, chlorine decay analysis, and water age estimation—with field inspections, household surveys, and stakeholder interviews. Framed by systems theory, infrastructure lifecycle theory, and public health models, the study identifies critical zones with low flow velocities (below 0.3 m/s) and extended water residence times (exceeding 8–10 hours), which contribute to reduced disinfectant levels and microbial contamination. Field observations revealed severe pipe corrosion and leakage, while community feedback highlighted discolored water, unpleasant odor, and reliance on unsafe coping strategies such as prolonged storage and alternative water sources. The findings confirm that IWS and aging infrastructure interact to degrade water quality and public trust. In response, the study recommends: Prioritize Replacement of Aged and Corroded Pipelines, Reconfigure Network Layout to Reduce Dead-End Segments, Upgrade Storage and Elevation Infrastructure, Establish Routine Maintenance and Inspection and Integrate Hydraulic Modeling into Planning . Key Words: Intermittent Water Supply (IWS), Urban Water Quality, Ageing Water Infrastructure, Hydraulic Modeling, Chlorine Decay
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Reversible Lanes in Reducing Traffic Congestion: A Case Study of Key Corridors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Ephrem Zeleke; Ephrem Gebremariam
Traffic congestion is a pressing issue in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s capital, requiring innovative traffic management strategies, beyond constructing and expanding infrastructure. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reversible lanes in reducing peak hour congestion. Two roads, Asko to Winget and Mexico to Mesqel Square, were selected, representing peripheral and central areas of the city, respectively. Traffic data were collected at major intersections along these roads using video recording, and SUMO traffic simulation was used to analyze key parameters, including travel time, speed, time loss and traffic volume under existing conditions and proposed reversible lane scenarios. From reversible lanes setups, a two-lane reversible configuration provided the best network wide performance, where travel time and time loss reduced by 27.44% and 32.33%, Speed increased by 2.84% while traffic flow slightly decrease by 7.91%. However, no improvement on Mexico to Mesqel Square is gained due to balanced flows and westbound losses. The study also identified directional volume imbalance, number of reversible lanes, traffic light systems, intersections number and spacing as the major factors influencing effectiveness. Based on the findings, this study recommends the implementation of reversible lanes on major roads connecting the outskirts of the city to the center to optimize capacity without land acquisition, supported by adaptive signals and bus priority lanes to minimize disruptions. Additionally, the research recommends road specific traffic simulation studies before implementing such strategies. Moreover, the research provides valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners seeking data-driven approaches to traffic management in Addis Ababa and other cities facing similar challenges. Keywords: congestion, reversible lanes, microsimulation, intersections
Waste for Value: Designing Small-Scale Energy Recovery Centers for Apartment Dwellers in Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Yasmin Teleha; Tesfaye Hailu
This research investigates the feasibility and transformative potential of small-scale waste-toenergy (WtE) systems in Addis Ababa’s apartment complexes to address escalating solid waste management challenges and foster sustainable urban development. The study aimed to design community-driven WtE solutions that minimize landfill dependency and produce renewable energy. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrated quantitative waste characterization, resident surveys, technical assessments, and qualitative stakeholder interviews across three apartment complexes of varying sizes in diverse neighbourhood. The research quantified waste generation patterns, revealing substantial organic waste suitable for WtE conversion, and evaluated technologies, identifying anaerobic digestion (AD) as the most viable due to its compatibility with high-moisture organic waste, low emissions and compact design suitable for urban constraints. Technical assessments confirmed AD’s feasibility, particularly in medium complexes, where sufficient basement space and garbage chute availability facilitate integration, producing energy for communal lighting or cooking. Socially, strong resident willingness to sort waste, motivated by incentives like energy credits, supports adoption, though challenges such as social stigma around waste handling and irregular collection require targeted interventions like resident committees and awareness campaigns. Economically, AD systems are viable with initial costs offset by potential savings and subsidies, aligning with global models like Bangalore’s residential AD success. The study proposes AD pilots in medium complexes to reduce landfill pressure, enhance energy reliability amidst frequent outages, and position Addis Ababa as a model for contributing to urban resilience and sustainable development goals. Keywords: waste-to-energy, anaerobic digestion, solid waste management, apartment complexes
The Level of Women’s Involvement in Project Management Positions in the Ethiopian Construction Industry
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-04-01) Serawit Getachew; Denamo Addissie (PhD)
This study explores the extent of women’s involvement in project management positions within the Ethiopian construction industry, with a particular focus on Addis Ababa. Despite increasing awareness of gender equity, gender diversity improves innovation and decision-making in construction, women remain significantly underrepresented in leadership roles across the sector. Most existing studies in Ethiopia focus on general construction roles and there is a lack of practical frameworks to support women’s advancement in PM roles. Therefore, the study aims to assess the level of female representation, identify the challenges hindering their participation, and propose effective interventions to enhance gender inclusion in project management roles. The conceptual and empirical literature review with relevant international and Ethiopian experiences was conducted to examine key challenges, representation gaps, and strategies for career advancement. A mixed-method research approach was adopted, combining quantitative data from 394 survey respondents drawn from a population of 25,000 licensed construction professionals, with qualitative insights from interviews and a focus group discussion involving female project managers. The research employed descriptive statistical analysis for quantitative data using SPSS, and thematic analysis for qualitative data to ensure comprehensive interpretation. Findings reveal that women constitute a small minority in project management roles less than 10% and face multiple structural, institutional, and socio-cultural barriers. The study identifies 6 major challenges, including physical demands, Unequal Job opportunities between men and women, gender bias, lack of mentorship and training programs, work-life imbalance, and Unsociable work hours and harsh working condition. Moreover, only a few companies reported having active goals or policies to promote female leadership. The research concludes that there is an urgent need for sector-wide strategic interventions, including gender-sensitive recruitment policies, mentorship programs, flexible work arrangements, and targeted leadership training. These measures are essential not only for enhancing women’s participation in project management but also for improving overall organizational effectiveness and equity in the Ethiopian construction sector. Keywords: Women in Construction, Project Management, Gender Inclusion, Ethiopian Construction Industry, Leadership Barriers, Addis Ababa
Infrastructure Integration in Historic Places: Case of Shonke Village, Ethiopia
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-03-01) Hiwot Ergetie; Zegeye Chernet (PhD)
Historic urban development presents unique challenges, the risks of neglect on one hand and over-commercialization on the other, making preservation and modernization a complex task. This study explores how to manage this balance through infrastructure integration in the historic place of Shonke Village. The research employed a single case study design and a mixed-methods approach, utilizing qualitative and quantitative research methods. Primary data were collected through survey, key informant interview, focus group discussion, and transect walks, while secondary data were collected from published and unpublished sources. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select 89 household heads, 10 key informants, and 7 Focus group discussion participants, ensuring diverse perspectives and representation. Transect walks along four routes provided valuable observations on the village's infrastructure, historic features, and land use patterns, offering insights into the unique opportunities and challenges of the places. The collected data is analyzed using spatial, thematic, statistical, and comparative methods. The study highlights that Shonke Village possesses a rich tangible and intangible cultural heritage with sustainable development potential. However, inadequate infrastructure like water, sanitation, energy, transportation, and ICT threatens heritage and drives resident relocation. Notably, it proposes hybrid renewable energy, eco toilets, and sustainable transportation. Focusing on small targeted interventions that generate ripple effects across social, cultural, environmental, and economic domains, the proposed solutions aim to improve essential services, foster economic growth, attract tourism, and preserve Shonke’s cultural heritage. The findings underscore that strategic infrastructure improvement is grounded in a nuanced understanding of a place's cultural values, social needs, physical context, economic vitalities, and environmental considerations. This research contributes to the broader discourse on urban planning in heritage-rich cities, offering a model for harmonizing development with preservation through locally rooted, context-sensitive infrastructure solutions. Keywords: Integrated infrastructure, Urban Planning, Heritage Preservation, Shonke Village
Assessment of Quality Management Practices of Selected Façade Materials
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Hawi Bogale; Tadesse Ayalew (PhD)
This research investigates the quality management practices of wall exterior finishing materials in public construction projects in Addis Ababa. The study aims to identify commonly used finishing materials, assess the quality planning, control, and assurance the current practices applied, examine the key factors affecting their performance, and propose a guideline for improvement. To achieve these objectives, a mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data through questionnaires, interviews, site observations, and document reviews. Triangulation was applied to ensure the reliability of findings across projects handled by the Addis Ababa Design and Construction Works Bureau, Addis Ababa Housing Development Corporation, and the Ministry of Health. The spatial scope of the study is limited to public building projects located within Addis Ababa, while the thematic scope centers on quality management practices related to wall exterior finishing materials specifically focusing on quality planning, quality control, and quality assurance. The study covers mid-rise (5-12) story public buildings constructed over the past fifteen years. Key findings reveal that durability, availability, and cost-efficiency dominate material selection, while sustainability, safety, and compatibility with other systems are often overlooked. Gaps were identified in documentation practices, material integration, and design specification clarity. Inadequate quality assurance systems and incomplete design documents prior to material procurement were common across projects. These issues have contributed to delays, increased costs, and reduced durability of exterior finishes. The study mentions strengthening design documentation, enforcing material compatibility assessments during the planning stage, and institutionalizing design review mechanisms before material procurement. These measures are vital for enhancing quality management practices and ensuring more sustainable and resilient public infrastructure in Addis Ababa. Key words: Exterior finishing materials, Quality management, public building projects, Quality planning, Quality control, Quality assurance, façade defects
Assessment of Construction Material Management Practice in Federal Housing Corporation Projects
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-04-01) Huda Ahmed; Tadesse Ayalew (PHD)
Material management practice involves planning, procuring, transporting, logistics, inspection, receiving, storage, and controlling material usage in construction projects. Ineffective management, poor procurement, delayed delivery, inadequate storage, and poor control systems can negatively impact project budget and completion time. The study evaluates construction material management practices at Federal Housing Corporation projects, focusing on planning, procurement, transport, logistics, handling, storage, inspection, wastage control, challenges, stakeholder involvement, and identifying best practices, aiming to provide direction for future projects. This study involved questionnaires and document reviews to gather data from contractors, clients, site counter engineers, and FHC-hired consultants involved in FHC projects. The study reveals current practices in material handling, inventory control, and material tracking, but also highlights challenges such as market fluctuations, incomplete design, local trafficking, and wastage. Stakeholders like owners, contractors, and consultants are involved in material delivery, quality planning, and schedules. Consultants focus on continuous inspections and follow-ups for material and work progress. Finally, the study suggests that effective material management techniques improve overall handling, site delivery, and prevent unexpected price variations from impacting project budget and completion time. Keyword: Material, material management practice, construction project, FHC projects
Assessing the Current Management Practice of Price Escalation and Its Effects on Cost Performance for Federal Public Building Projects
(Addis Ababa University, 2025-06-01) Saron Gebeyaw Alemu; Solomon Sertse Desta
In a country like Ethiopia, the construction sector is one of the major contributors tonational growth. Despite its importance in one country growth its performance, theindustry has faced many challenges during the last few years. One of the major reasons identified by different researchers is price escalation in the inputs of the construction projects. This study assesses the management practice of price escalation and its effect on the cost performance of federal public building projects. The research is descriptive and explanatory in nature and employed a mixed-method approach (both qualitative and Quantitative) with case study methodology. Four suitable cases from Universities located in Addis Ababa city were selected, and document review was used as a data collection instrument and utilized both primary and secondary data. For analyzing the collected data, the researcher used content and thematic analysis with within case analysis and cross-case analysis. In addition to these, the researcher uses four themes for analyzing the data: a description of the case, identifying the increment of major materials, labor, and equipment, assessing the effect of price escalation on each project's cost performance, and identifying the price adjustment techniques, source of price, and weightage for each project. The study investigates the impact of material price escalation on the cost performance of selected construction projects. Price increment were analyzed across various activities in both substructure and superstructure elements. In Project A, the maximum increment in the substructure was 49% for the 500 mm thick mat slab, while the superstructure’s 180 mm thick floor and roof beams experienced an escalation of 89%. For Project B, the substructure’s 200 mm thick suspended ground floor slab showed the highest increase at 85%, with a similar escalation of 88% seen in the superstructure’s 270 mm thick flat roof slab. Project C recorded an 84% increment in the foundation pad for the substructure, while the 180 mm thick roof slab led in the superstructure with an 87% increase. And also in Project D, the footing in the substructure had the greatest escalation at 91%, alongside the superstructure’s elevation column, which increased by 88%. And also, the results showed that there were different management practices used by contractors to overcome the challenges of price escalation. To enhance effectiveness, the study recommends early implementation of contractual adjustments and proactive cost management strategies in building projects. In the future, studies should focus on regularly developing construction resource price indices, analyzing the influence of finishing material cost fluctuations on project outcomes, and evaluating the contractor’s cost structure to better address non-adjustable contract elements. Key word: construction; Cost Performance; Price escalation

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