Adult Health Nursing

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    Adherence to Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy and Associated Actors Among Women with Breast Cancer Attending at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, 2019.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Wako Zerko; Mengistu Daniel (prof); Getahun Negalign(BSc)
    Background: Breast cancer is one of leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia.Adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) is one of the treatment modality given for a patient withbreast cancer with estrogen receptor positive after primary treatment for 5-10 years. Nonadherence to adjuvant hormone therapy inbreast cancer survivors is commonand associated with increased risk of recurrence of cancer,invade the other breast,and consequently increase morbidity and mortality. Objective:Toassess level of adherence to adjuvant hormonal therapy and associated factors amongwomen with breast cancer who attends oncology outpatient at Tikur AnbessaSpecialized Hospital. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted. Convenience sampling technique was used to select 216 participants. A semi-structured questionnaire was used after some modifications and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Data were enteredin EpiData version 4.4.2.1 and exported to SPSS version 24, and analyzed using ordinal logistic regression with OR and 95%CI. Result: Out of 216, 209 women with breast cancer participated in the study with response rate of 97%. The level of adherence was 41%, 33%, and 26% for low, medium and high adherence respectively. Age group <45 is likely to be high adherence compared to >65 with (OR= 2.6,CI (3.8-7.6) p-value 0.001); being from urban (OR= 1.5, CI (1.1-2.8, p-value 0.001); being on tamoxifen (OR= 1.6, CI (0.4-2.2), p-value 0.005); having side effect (OR= 1.5, CI (0.4-1.9), pvalue 0.004); comorbidity (OR= 1.6, CI (1.5-3.4, p-value 0.001) and Getting a thorough therapeutic communication (OR= 1.7, CI (1.2-3.2), p-value 0.001) were found to be significantly associated with adherence to AHT. Conclusions and recommendations: In summary, the high adherence level to AHT among women with breast cancer was 26% in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Age, place of residence, types of AHT, side effect, comorbidity, therapeutic communication from health care providers were significantly associated with adherence. Healthcare provider should give health education concerning medication usage, management of side effects and should also give due attention to rural patient.
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    Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and its Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients in North Showa Zone Public Hospitals, Ethiopia 2021
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Getaye Asfaw; Mengistu Zuriash( PHD); Alemu Tsion(MSc)
    Adherence to antihypertensive medication plays a tremendous role in controlling BP,however poor adherence to antihypertensive medication leads to complications of HTN,wastage of health care resources, and workload on health care providers which results inpoor clinical outcome. This study aimed to assess antihypertensive medication adherenceand its associated factors among hypertensive patients’ in North Showa Zone public hospitals’, Oromia regional state, North Ethiopia. 2021. An institutional-based crosssectional stud was conducted fromFebruary 8 toMarch8/2021in three public hospitals o f North ShowaZone.Out of four public hospitals,three hospitalswereselected throug hsimplerandomsamplingtechniques andthefinalsamplesize348was selected systematic random sampling.Datawere checked,cleaned andentered itEpidatasoftware version3.1,and imported to SPSS version 23 software for analysis.Descriptive analysis was done and presented in frequencies and percentages. The association between independent and dependent variables was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis, and variablesthat show P-values of < 0.05 with 95% CI will be considered statistically significant. This study includes 348 participants with a 97.4% response rate. Of the respondents, 56.9%adhere to their medication. Marital status (AOR=3.24,95%CI=1.12-9.60), residence (AOR=2.59,95%CI=1.42-4.75), Controlled BP (AOR=4.26, 95%CI=2.37-7.67), number of medication (AOR= 2.59,95%CI=1.35-4.97), comorbidity (AOR=2.24, 95%CI=1.334.67),knowledge (AOR=5.01,95%CI=2.69-9.35), insurance coverage user(AOR=2.20,95%CI=1.23-3.95) and forgetfulness were found statistically significant. The adherence status of this study was sub-optimal and the knowledge status of patients about HTN and their treatments was the most associated factor. Give health education for patients about HTN and its treatments, early diagnosis, and management of comorbidity, and adherence counseling are important for improving the adherence status of clients.
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    Assessent of Nurses to Patients Communication and Barriers Percived by Nurses at Tikur Anbessa specilized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2018.
    (2018-06) Wune G/Kidan; Ayalew Yohannes ( Phd )
    Background: Good communication between nurses and patients is essential for the successful outcome of individualized nursing care of each patient. Effective communication is a two-way dialogue between patients and nurses, or by definition, a two-way road where both speaks and are as well listened to without either interrupting, both ask questions for clarity, express opinions and inter-change information, and both are able completely grasp and understand what other means to say .When nurses communicate effectively with interest, listen actively and demonstrate compassion, patients may be more likely to report their experiences as positive, even at times of distress and ill healthA current research indicates that ineffective communication between the patients and the nurses may result in an increased length of stay, wastage of the resource use as well as patient dissatisfaction. So there is a need of effective and open communication between patients and nurses to improve the patient satisfaction, patient compliance with the treatment provided and health outcomes achieved. Objective: This study aims to assess level of nurse to patient communication and barriers at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2018. Method: Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted in nurses working at Tikur Anbessa hospital from march 1to march 30 2018. 296 study participants were selected from nurses by systematic random sampling method. Data was collected using semi structured questionnaire. ResultThe study concludes that predominantly perceived barriers to effective nurses to patients Communication was lack of time and work overload on the part of the nurses.No significant difference was found in Perceived Barriers between the socio demographic variables including age, marital status, work of experience, level of education, language, ethnicity, religion.
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    Assessment of Factors Affecting Contraceptive use Among Preparatory School Adolesents in Addis Ababa, 2010.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-06) Demas Tangute; Tachbele Erdaw
    Background: Adolescents in Ethiopia are exposed to various risks, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion due to unprotected sex while they have high knowledge of contraceptive use. Objective: To asses the factors affecting modern contraceptives utilization among preparatory school adolescents Methods: A cross sectional school based study was conducted on April to May 2010 in Addis Ababa Administration using multistage stage sampling technique .A total of 830 students in five government and three non government schools were included in the study. A pre tested structured questionnaire complemented with focus group discussion were used for data collection. The data entered cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 15 software. Frequencies, cross- tabulations and logistic regression were used Result Overall from 830preparatory school adolescents 159(19.2) % were sexually active .Of which 69(43.4 %) had used modern contraceptive methods. Most of the respondents used condom 52 (75.4%). Significantly higher proportion of male adolescents 55(79.7%) than females 14(20.3%) used contraceptives. In the binary logistic regression sex, living with friends, living alone, having pocket money, discuss sexual related issue with friends, condom, shops and affordable service were found to be significant predictors of contraceptive use. Conclusion The prevalence of contraceptive use was low this showed that sexually active adolescents are highly exposed to the consequences of unprotected sex Adolescents who discus sexual related issues with their close friends were more likely to use contraceptive than who don‟t Adolescents who had pocket money were more likely to use contraceptives than who had no Religious prohibition, ashamed to buy, emotional and unplanned sexual practice, fear of being seen by some one who knows them and trust their partner were the most frequently reported reasons for not to use contraceptives by school adolescents The most preferred method for future use was condom and the most preferred source for future use was shop Recommendation Establish Parents- teachers - students relationship to have free discussion time in order to decrease their fear and ashamed about sexuality to bring behavioral change Since the most affecting factor to use contraceptive by sexually active school adolescents were ashamed to buy and emotional unplanned sexual practice, other strategies like getting the service every where when they need by using modern technology should be considered Most of the adolescents preferred to use condom with affordable service from the shop, considering this training to the shopkeepers about the storage and supplying of condom is mandatory since condom can be easily affected by heat
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    Assessment of Adherence to Hypertension Managements and its Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Black Lion Hospital Chronic Follow up Unit Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-05) Abera Habtamu; Abebe Mesfin
    Background: Hypertension is one of the most important preventable causes of premature mortality worldwide and it is one of the primary risk factors for heart disease and stroke. In Ethiopia 10.6% and Addis Ababa, 30% of the population has been estimated to have hypertension. Adherence to medication therapy and lifestyle change is an aspect of patients’ care that is often overlooked and should be evaluated as a crucial part of cardiovascular management. Therefore, this study aimed to assess adherence and associated factors of adherence to hypertensive management among hypertensive patients in Black Lion Hospital chronic follow up unit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 286 study subjects. A structured standard questionnaire was used after some modifications. Analysis was done using SPSS software. The descriptive analysis such as percentage, proportion, frequency distribution and appropriate graphic presentation were used. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were employed. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant association. Results: Of 286 subjects included in the study, 165 (57.7%) were female and mean age was 52(22-83) years. The adherence level of respondents to medication, diet, substance and exercise were 69.2%, 64.7%, 87.4% and 43.7% respectively. On regression analysis, married respondents were two times more likely to adhere to anti-hypertensive medication compared to divorced (AOR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.330-6.744, P=0.008). Very well informed respondents were 2 times(COR=1.94,95%CI:1.042-3.622,P=0.037), 4 times(AOR=4.17,95%CI:1.862-.340,P=0.001) and 7 times(AOR=6.47,95% CI:2.514-16.664,P<0.001) were more likely to adhere to medication, diet and recommended substance management than their counterparts respectively. Respondents with the duration of diagnosis of five or more years were 89 %( AOR=0.11, 95% CI: 0.013-0.955, P=0.045) and 90 %( AOR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.026-0.340, P<0.001) were less likely to adhere to medication and substance recommendation than their counterparts. Conclusion and recommendation: The rates of adherence to medicine and life-style changes were generally found to be low in these study participants. The cause of non-adherence is different according to the type of adherence. Each recommendation should be assessed individually in terms of adherence.
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    Assessment of Adherence to Insulin Self Administration and Associated Factors Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Endocrinology unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Haji Yusuf ; Mengistu Zuriyash(MSC)
    Background: Diabetes is a significant and growing health problem worldwide. The goals of diabetes treatment are to keep blood glucose levels as near normal as possible while avoiding acute and chronic complications and diabetes mellitus requires continual intensive treatment in order to reduce the risk and progression of chronic micro- and macro-vascular complications. A key dimension of healthcare quality is adherence to prescribed medications. Non-adherence with insulin regimens is associated with worse glucose control and with higher rates of diabetes-related complications. Objectives: To determine the pattern of adherence to insulin selfadministration and associated factors among adult patients with diabetes mellitus at endocrinology unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December to June 2014, on a total of 378 diabetic patients on insulin self administration using convenience sampling method until the required sample size achieved. The data were collected using structured questionnaires after ethical approval and informed signed consent have been taken. The data entry and analysis was conducted using Epi info version 3.5.4 and SPSS version 21. Results: One hundred twenty five (33.1%) of the respondents were found to be non-adherent to insulin self injection. Multivariate analysis identified who stopped taking insulin when they feel better, who have Heart disease and those not taking insulin when they were out of home for long time as independent factors for non adherence of insulin self administration. Conclusion: One third of the respondents are found to be non-adherent to insulin injection. The most common reason for non adherence to insulin self administration were forgetting time of injection, deliberately, feeling better and feeling worse. Almost all participants have been using one needle for two or more days, only 4 (1.1 %) participants have been using single needle once as recommended. Recommendation: There is a need to design a means for patients to understand risk and complication of non adherence to insulin self administration, patients should be encouraged to discuss their injection related concerns and providing them leaflet to avoid poor recall of instructions and improve consequent clinical outcomes. For those patients who do reuse insulin needle, nurses should check frequently injection sites as reusing needle causes infection.
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    Assessment of Attitude Practice and Associated Factors towards Patients with Hepatitis B and C Viruses Among Nurses Working in Public Hospitals in Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, 2019.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Amera Tekalign; Argaw Zeleke( Prof); Habte Teshome(BSN)
    Back ground: Patients visit health care institutions with different diagnosis some of which are potentially infectiouswhich affects health care workers behavior to care for these patients equally and effectively. Hepatitis B and C viruses are the commonest infectious viruses causing viral hepatitis; a global treat that caused 1.34 million deaths by the year 2015. Objective: the main objective of this study was to assess attitude, practice and associated factors towards patients with hepatitis B and C viruses among nurses working in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, 2019. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in public hospitals in Addis Ababa Ethiopia from April 01 to April 30, 2019. A total of 396 nurses were selected using simple random sampling technique. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to characterize the association between variables. P value < 0.05 was considered to determine levels of statistical significance and Odds ratio was used to determine the strength of association between variables. Results: Among 383 respondents 45.6% had desirable attitude and 35.8% of them reported good practice towards patients with hepatitis B and C viruses. Working in Menelik II hospital, receiving training on infection prevention and vaccinating against hepatitis B were more likely to be associated with nurse‟s attitude. Nurses who served for more than ten years, vaccinated against hepatitis B and who were confident to take care of hepatitis B and C infected patients were found to have good practice. Whereas, previous needle stick injury from these patients and being reluctant to care for them influenced the respondents practice to be poor. Conclusion and recommendation: The overall level of nurse‟s attitude and practice towards patients with hepatitis B and C viruses is significantly low. Compared to attitude of nurses towards patients with hepatitis B and C viruses their practice is low. Therefor FMOH along with hospitals need to create opportunities for nurses to get training on infection prevention to increase their confidence while treating these patients. Proper supply and distribution of personal protective equipments should also be assured.
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    Assessment of Breaking Bad News Practice and Barriers Among Nurses and physician Working in Oncology unit at Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital and st, Paul millinum Medical college, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Minlekalew Alem; Tadele Niguse (MSC)
    Background: Breaking bad news is a process of delivering news, which may negatively affect a patient’s and/or family’s view of the future. Globally breaking bad news is distressing to patients and families and is often uncomfortable for nurses or physicians on delivering it. In addition to the psychological impact of the news, breaking bad news also insensitively can cause patients additional distress and anecdotal accounts abound of the impact in relation to poor delivery. Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess breaking bad news practice its barriers and associated factors among Physicians and nurses by using SPIKES protocol working at Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital and St, Paul Millennium medical college oncology units, Addis Ababa, 2018. Methods and analysis:Mixed approach quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study design was conducted among physicians and nurses working in oncology units. Data was cleaned and entered using Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed using statically package for social sciences (SPSS), version 20. Descriptive statistics including frequency, proportions, mean and standard deviation was used to describe participant’s characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to see statistical association between independent and the outcome variables. Qualitative data was triangulated and presented in the form of narration. Result: The mean age of participants was 29.5 years (SD ± 6.6). Majority 128 (63.1%) were orthodox Christian followers and 148 (72.9%) were degree holders. Of all 82.85% participants were not attended any training related to breaking bad news practice, only 47.3% of the participants ever delivered bad news of whom, 7.9% of them used SPIKES protocol. Factors associated with breaking bad news practice include; marital status and training, {AOR=7.5; 95% CI (1.16-49.2)} p= 0.034, {AOR=12.5; 95% CI (1.7-27.6)p= 0.011} respectively. Lack of awareness of SPIKES protocol, time constraint, lack of separate room, work overload were the barriers identified by the in-depth interview. Conclusion and Recommendation: In this study high prevalence of physicians, and nurses not used the SPIKES protocol for delivering breaking bad news. Marital status and having training are significantly associated with breaking bad news practice using SPIKES protocol. Lack of awareness of SPIKES protocol, time constraint, lack of separate room, work overload were barriers for reduced practice of breaking bad news practice using SPIKES protocol. Therefore, training for care providers, facility improvement, and development of standard guidelines are critically needed as that help to improve recommended breaking bad news practice at the mean time improve patient’s quality of life.
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    Assessment of Clinical Practice Competency and Associated Factors Among Graduating Nursing Students in Universities of Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia, 2018 GC
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2018-06) Getie Addisu; Tsige Yosief(MSc)
    Background: Health workers, including nurses, are not adequately prepared to meet the needs of society, especially in developing countries. The practice of nursing requires a complex combination of various attributes and nursing students require highly specialized competencies to accurately predict and determine patients' status and cope with the problems that may occur during nursing care. Clinical experiences are critically important to achieve the maximum level of clinical competence after receiving adequate theoretical and practical instructions. However, most new bachelor graduates have adequate theoretical knowledge but lack clinical competence. Objective: To assess clinical practice competency and associated factors among graduating nursing students in universities of Amhara region, Northern Ethiopia, 2018 Methods: Institutional based Cross-sectional study was carried among 307 graduating BSc nursing student. The study was conducted in Amhara region universities. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select study subject and the data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire and observation from February 25/2018 –April 25 /2018 G.C. Descriptive analysis was employed to describe the percentages and distributions of the respondents for socio-demographic characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was also used to see the association of independent with the dependent variable. Crude and adjusted odds ratios together with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT: The study revealed that 103 (33.6%) of the study participants were clinically competent. Clinical instructor factors [AOR: 3.051; 95% CI (1.717-5.421)] and student-staff interaction factors [AOR: 2.348; 95% CI (1.337-4.124)] were statistically significant variables with level of competency of the student. Students who had good clinical instructor were 3.1 times clinically competent than students who had not and students who had good interaction with clinical staffs were 2.348 times clinically competent than students who had no good interaction. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Generally, the results of this study revealed that about more than half of graduating nursing students were clinically incompetent. Variables such as clinical instructor and staff-student interaction were significantly associated with clinical practice competency among graduating nursing students. So designing appropriate clinical practice protocol which includes improving supervision of clinical instructor is important to enhance clinical practice competency of student
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    Assessment of Diabetic Aelf Care Practices and Associated Factors Among Type II Diabetic Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Endocrinology Unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-05) Kidanu Kalayou; Demissie Asrat(RN, BS.N, MSN, )
    Background: Diabetes is a general term for a group of metabolic disorders that affect the body’s ability to process and use sugar (glucose) for energy. The three most common forms of diabetes are type I diabetes, type II diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus resulting from the combination of resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin secretion. It is a serious public health problem that threatens the quality of life, the success of long-term maintenance therapy for diabetes depends largely on the patients’ adherence with self-care practices. Objective: Was to assess diabetic self care practices and associated factors among type II diabetic patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa City. Method: institutional based cross sectional study design was utilized, 323 study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique and the data was collected using interviewer administered structured questioner, data was entered in to EPI-INFO version 3.5.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 16. Frequencies and other descriptive statistics were computed. Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regression were computed to assess statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables using Odds ratio, significance of statistical association was assured or tested using 95%CI and P-value (<0.05). Scoring method was employed to classify patients’ self-care practice level as adhered or not adhered. Results: The response rate was 99.1%, of all respondents 167(52.2%) and 153(47.8%) were Female and Male respectively. The majority of the study participants 232 (72.5%) were in the age group of 30 to 60 years. Most of the respondents were orthodox Christian 257 (80.3%) by religion and Amara184 (57.2%) by ethnicity. Of the total respondents 182(57%), 246(77%), 211(66%) and 139(43%) were attended formal education, married, unemployed and had very low monthly income respectively Respondents’ self-care practices were, the majority 270 (84.4%) respondents were not adhered to SMBG practice. A total of 311(97.2%) respondents were adhered to anti-diabetic medication. The majority 252 (78.8%) respondents were not adhered to recommended diet management practices. one hundred seventy (53.1%) were reported adhered to physical activity that meet the recommended guidelines .Of all study participants, 213(66.6) respondents were adhered to the recommended diabetic foot care practices. Overall self-care practices (SDSCA) were reported as adhered in 178 (55.6%) participants. There was a significant association between level of education, monthly income, Presence of glucometry at home, marital status, diabetic complication, age and gender and self-care practices. But there was no a significant association between duration of diabetes, Occupation and family history of diabetic and self-care practices. Conclusion: Despite the important role of self-care practices in management of diabetes were recognized to be useful and effective in achieving diabetes control and preventing its serious complication, findings of this study were indicated that most patients had no adherence to self-care practices especially in SMBG and diet management. Generally adherence to self-care practice was suboptimal among type II diabetic patients in TASH Endocrinology unit. Hence healthcare personnel must increase patients’ awareness on the importance of all domains of self-care practice and strongly promote the practice through effective IEC programme.
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    Assessment of Factors Affecting Cancer Patients’ Knowledge and Attitude toward Cancer Therapy, 2018,Addis Abeba ,Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Teklu Emnet; Mekonnen Hussen ( PhD); Mulugeta Tefera( PhD)
    Background: Knowledge and attitude about cancer disease influences the patient’s healt hcare seeking behavior and the treatment outcome. As cancer is among the leading killing diseasesin the world including Ethiopia different treatment options are used to cure and prevent further complications. So the knowledge and attitude of the cancer patient towards cancer treatment is very important to start and finish the follow up. Objective: The objective of this study was focused to assess factors affecting knowledge and attitude of cancer patients toward cancer therapy at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Methods: both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed and sample size for quantitative study was determined by using single population proportion (SPP) formula, 298 samples were enrolled from adult inpatient and outpatient Oncology Unit. Also a sample size of 6 was selected for qualitative study by judgmental or purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaire for quantitative and semi-structured interview guide for qualitative study was used as data collection tool. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; frequency percentage, mean, and standard deviation of all the variables were analyzed on SPSS version 21. Qualitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results: A total of 296 respondents were participated in the study. The proportion of participants with good knowledge and positive attitude about cancer therapy was 30.7% and 52.1% respectively with 95% confidence interval. Male cancer patients were 35.5% more knowledgeable than those female participants (AOR= 0.355, 95% CI; 1.130, 1.966). Those whose education is college and above were four times knowledgeable about cancer therapy than illiterate (AOR=3.92, 95% CI; 2.08, 7.40). Patients above age 60 years were 42.1% more to have positive attitude toward cancer therapy than 18-30 years (AOR= 0.421, 95% CI;1.999,4.9786).and whose educational background is college and above were 40% more likely to had posit ive attitude toward cancer therapy than illiterate participants’ (AOR= 0.400, 95% CI; (1.209,4.765). The qualitative result shows that even though they have good attitude towards cancer therapy the costs are unaffordable and affecting their life as well as their family. Conclusion and Recommendation: More than two third of cancer patients had poor knowledge and around half of the cancer patient had positive attitude about cancer therapy. Male, patients from rural area and more educated patients were more knowledgeable than female, patients from urban and lesser educated patients respectively. Respondents with higher age, education and income level were more likely to have positive attitude than those with lower age, education level and income categories. MoH attention on cancer and cancer treatment education program is vital. In addition, an improvement of low carrying capacit y and poor patients’ registry is necessary to reduce long waiting time for cancer therapy at the hospital.
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    Assessment of Factors Influencing Professionalism in Nursing in Mekelle Zone Public Hospitals,Tigray,Northern Ethiopia,2012.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2012-05) Fantahun Atsede; Demissie,Asrat(Ass Prof)
    Background Professionalism is defined as the conceptualization of obligations, attributes, interactions, attitudes, and role behaviors required of professionals in relationship to individual clients and to society as a whole. Professionalism attributes include knowledge, spirit of inquiry, accountability, autonomy, advocacy, innovation and visionary, collaboration and collegiality, and ethics. These all may be influenced by age, sex, work experience, salary, ethnicity, religion, marital status, educational status, work setting, and professional organization. Objective The aim of the study was to assess factors influencing professionalism in nursing among nurses in Mekelle zone Public hospitals. Methods A quantitative cross sectional study design supplemented by qualitative were employed. Arandom sample of clinical nurses (N =210) from September 2011 to May 2012.The techniques for data collection were self administered questionnaire and focus group discussion (FGD). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0 and logistic regression analysis was done to assess significant association between dependent and independent variables. Qualitative of data was analyzed manually and results were presented descriptively. Result Out of 210 respondents 58.57% were females and the mean age of the respondents was 32.40 years (SD= 8.42; range, 20-59 y).The mean of nursing experience 10.35(SD=9.154) and (51.43%) possessed BSc in Nursing. Respondents belonged to a professional organization was only 48%. The mean monthly salary of participants was 2168.39 EB (SD=573.281).The finding also showed that age and work experience had significant correlated with total professionalism (r= .122, P< .1); and (r = .120, P< .1) respectively. Work setting in Mekelle hospital was significantly associated [AOR (95%CI) = 4.090(1.359, 12.309)] with professionalism. Depending on FGD, the major factors were workload, had no vision, FMOH did not focused nursing as a profession, Weakness of the Ethiopian Nursing Association , lack of life insurance as well as the Health professionals and society’s views of the profession. Conclusion and Recommendation Respondents who score high attitude toward professionalism were 12.9%. After further statistical analysis using logistic regression, work setting in Mekelle Hospital had significantly associated with professionalism. Age and work experience had correlated with total professionalism.ENA and FMOH should focus on developing the level of professionalism in nursing. There were additional factors raised in FGD: such as lack of life insurance, weak ENA. Key words: professionalism, attributes of professionalism, Mekelle public hospital nurses.
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    Assessment of family care givers’ knowledge and practice of caring for children with congenital heart disease at the cardiac center Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-07) Berihu Feben; Aga Fekadu(PhD); Hailu Aklil
    Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common birth anomalies. Around the world it has been estimated that children’s have one among 100 congenital deficits due to the chromosomal abnormalities. In the last few years, the emergence of new technologies and advanced therapy the children born with CHD can make it through the adult hood. During the journey of treating children with CHD the role of family caregivers is significant. However, little is known about the family caregiver’s knowledge and self-reported practice of caring for children with CHD. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the family caregiver’s knowledge and selfreported practice of caring for children with congenital heart disease at cardiac center Ethiopia Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Methods: The study was performed under hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was collected from families of children with CHD at the cardiac center outpatient department through written questioner. The questioner was administered by two trained nurses who work in the outpatient department of the cardiac center. The returned questionnaire was checked for completeness, cleaned manually and entered in to EPI INFO statistical software and then transferred to SPSS windows version 25 for further analysis. Results: A total of 377 family caregivers with a response rate of 96.91% were participated in this study from which (45.1%) of the respondents had good knowledge towards care for child with CHD and (44.3%) had good practice toward scare for CHD. There was a significant relationship between family caregiver’s knowledge and educational status [AOR=0.322, 95%CI.0.186, 0.557] and living area [AOR=19.274, 95% CI. 6.535, 56.84]. family caregiver’s knowledge towards CHD [AOR=1.11, 95% CI 7.240, 0.002.], frequency of feeding [AOR=0.093,95%CI. 0.02, 0.53] and living area [AOR= 57.3, 95%CI 1.07, 3048.8] were significantly associated with self-reported practice towards care for child with CHD at outpatient department. The statistical significance level was declared at p-value <0.05. Conclusion & Recommendation: The results from this study showed that family caregivers had poor knowledge towards CHD and poor self-reported practice towards care for child with CHD. Lack of guide line for proper health education and resources are contributing factors. Therefore, the hospital’s administrative and supportive organizations would better to provide training regarding proper health education towards care for child with CHD and the disease condition.
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    Assessment of Glycemic Control and Self-care Practiceamong Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Tercha General Hospital, Dawro Zone, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples Region; Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06) Atinafu Bizuayehu; Argaw Zeleke (prof ); Dugassa Boka(MSc)
    According to WHO Global report, in low-income countries more than half of deaths attributable to poor glycemiccontrol are premature. Studies compassed, prevalence of poor self-care practice and glycemic control is by nowin tip of iceberg above diabetes by becoming primary offender for fired morbidity and mortality but; are neglected tragedy. Currently diabetes patients are exposed to intolerable cost of dialysis and organ transplantation because of poor glycemic control and self-care practice induced complications; which in turn increased beggar population and prevalence of suicidal attempt. Studies underlined, optimum self-care practice is needed to avert these complications via adjusting glycemic control status. However, only a minute of relevant studies were conducted in Ethiopia to assess this problem.The aim of this study was to assess glycemic control and self-care practice among diabetes patient in Dawro Tercha General Hospital. Cross-sectional study was conducted from March 07April10/2020 in Tercha general hospital among 220 participants selected by systematic sampling technique. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independent predictors. Status of self-care practice and glycemic control became good for 24.9% and 23% respectively. Age, diabetes complication, medication adherence, glucometer and appointment adherence were nominated in shortlist of independent predictor for glycemic control; whereas education, diabetes complication, diabetes category, distance and appointment adherence became independent predictors for overall self-care practice. Furthermore, presence of significant association between glycemic control and self-care practice was assured. Status of good glycemic control and self-care practice were shine red lump, since it indicates majorities of the patients were closed to face premature death and permanent disabilities. Association between glycemic control and self-care practice on the other hand uncovered presence of non-pharmacological intervention under question, and further brightened the need of maximum effort to enhance self-care practice to ease roads to good glycemic control and finally to save diabetes patients from the coming fatal consequences.Responsible bodies have to work hard to raise the coverage of hospital or to enhance material capacity of available primary hospitals to enable them to serve diabetes follow up patients, since all patients in the whole zone in this study area served by only one hospital. Health education team has to be formed to provide problem solving-centered education supported by Audio visual aids.
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    Assessment of Health Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients With Epilepsy in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2023.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-12) Zewdu, Frehiywot; Alemu, Wudma; Fantahun, Addishiwet
    Background: Epilepsy has significant negative effects on a person's physical, psychological, and social well-being (Health Related Quality of Life). Education level, seizure type, seizure frequency, stigma, living situation, monthly income, medication adherence, side effects of antiepileptic drugs, and co-morbidity of mental disorders all significantly affect the quality of life of epilepsy patients, according to different studies. Objective: To assess Health Related Quality Of Life and associated factors among adult patients with Epilepsy in Gamo Zone, Southern, Ethiopia, 2023. Method: Institution based quantitative cross sectional study conducted on 252 participants from Feb 27 to Mar 27, 2023, at selected public hospitals. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the required number of epileptic patients attending public hospitals in the Gamo Zone. Logistic regression model was used to identify the predictor’s health-related quality of life. The significant cut point was set to p-value < 0.05 at 95% CI. Result: From 259, a total of 252 epileptic patients participated in this study with the response rate of 97.2%. The mean total score of QOLIE-31 was 59.56 (SD=16.70). The highest mean (SD) score was the Cognitive function, 70.32 (SD=20.49) and the lowest was Seizure worry subscale, 42.2 (SD=23.95). 114 (45.2%) of the respondents scored below the mean in overall HRQOL. Factors associated with poor quality of life includes taking medications once per day [AOR=0.04; 95%CI (0.00-0.91)], having comorbid mental disorders [AOR: 4.53; 95% C.I (1.89- 10.86)] and encountering side effect of medications [AOR: 3.63; 95% C.I (1.74-7.55)]. Conclusion and Recommendation: HRQOL mean score of people living with epilepsy in Gamo Zone is low. Taking medications once per day, having comorbid mental disorders and experiencing adverse effect of medications associated with quality of life. This study recommends for health professionals, to improve the quality of life for epileptic patients, early detection of co-morbid mental disorders like depression and anxiety in those with epilepsy should be of utmost importance.
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    Assessment of Job Related Stress and Its Predictors Among Nurses Working in Government Hospitals of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2018
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-03) Nemera Amsalu; Cherie Amsale (PhD)
    Background: Job stress is prevalent problem among nurses working in public Hospitals as they deal with large number of patients with variety conditions and work over load. Therefore, if it is not properly managed stress leads to high levels of employee, illness, absenteeism, high turnover, and decreased productivity that compromise provision of quality service to clients. However little has been addressed job related stress and its predicting factors in the study area Objective: To assess the level of job related stress, and predicting factors among Nurses working in Public hospitals of West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2018. Method: Institutional based Cross-sectional study design supplemented with qualitative study design was used. A structured self-administered questionnaire was use to collect data from study participants from February 30,to march 30,2018. Study population was all nurses who are working in randomly selected in Public Hospitals in West Shoa Zone and sample size was 180 nurses from the six hospitals. The data were entered into info.3. and analyzed by SPSS window software 21 version. Descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and measure of central tendency and variability were computed. Univariate and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify the association between dependent and independent variables. Results: A total of 180 nurses working in West Zone public hospitals were given the questionnaire, and the response rate was 98.3 % (177).The study indicated that 87(49.2%);95%CI:,42.4%-56.5%) of nurses were occupationally stressful. Death and dying, uncertainty regarding patient treatment, conflict with supervisor and work load was the most sources of stress for nurses with mean scores of 2.76, 2.55, 2.5 and 2.4 respectively. Individual factors like respondents‟ work experience of less than five years (AOR=12.300,95% ,CI:2.59858.245), diploma holders; married (A OR=, 11.323,95 %,CI:4.213-30.434)and nurses who were work in emergency units (AOR=10.291,95%, CI:1.98-53.48).was significantly associated with overall job related stress score. Conclusion and Recommendations .In this cross sectional study almost half of the nurses were occupationally stressful. Individual factors like respondents work experience of less than five years, diploma holders; married and nurses who were work in emergency units was significantly associated with overall job related stress score. To prevent occupational stress among nurses, policy makers and different stake holders should come up with strategies and Programs that will help to develop stress reduction management for hospital based nurses
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    Assessment of Knowledge About Hepatitis b Virus Infection and Vaccination Status of Health Care Workers Against Hepatitis b Virus in Selected Health Institutions of East Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia, 2018
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Dugassa Milkias; Tachbale Erdaw (PhD)
    Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious and common infectious disease of the liver, affecting millions of people throughout the world. World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended vaccination for all health care workers (HCWs). In addition to this center for disease control and prevention and WHO guidelines recommend that all healthcare providers and trainees should be knowledgeable about Hepatitis B infection; however, previous studies reported that knowledge of hepatitis B was unsatisfactory and vaccination coverage was low among HCWS. Objective: To assess the knowledge about HBV infection and vaccination status of health care workers in Health Institutions of East Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia. Methods and materials: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 513 HCWs. Multi stage sampling technique was used. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Then the data was entered into Epi-data 4.2 version and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. All covariates that are significant at p value < 0.05 in bivariate analysis were considered for further multivariate logistic regression analysis to detect true predictors of vaccination status. Result: The questionnaire was distributed to 513 HCWs and only 500(97.5%) of them returned it. Out of the total respondents 316(63.2%) were knowledgeable and 184(36.8%) were not knowledgeable. The finding of this study also revealed 299(59.8%) of the HCWs were vaccinated and 201(40.2%) of them were unvaccinated. However, only 34.2% of HCWs were fully vaccinated. Work experience, type of health institution and training on infection prevention were the factors associated with Knowledge level. On the other hand educational level, working unit, history of occupational exposure, type of health institution and vaccine unavailability were the factors associated with vaccination status of HCWs (p value < 0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding of the present study generally shows insufficient knowledge about HBV and low rate of HBV vaccine coverage among health care workers. This shows that there is still a need to improve the knowledge and vaccination coverage of health care workers. Therefore, it is recommended that a deliberate programme of training on Hepatitis B infection and vaccine provision should be implemented for all health care workers.
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    Assessment of Knowledge and Experience of Preconception Care and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Mothers with Per Existing Diabetes Mellitus Attending Diabetic Follow up Clinic at Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06) Kassie Aychew; G/Yohannis Tigistu (Msc)
    Background: Despite improved access and quality of antenatal care, women with pregestational diabetes and their fetuses are at increased risk of developing seriouscomplications compared with the non-diabetic pregnant women; including spontaneous abortion, stillbirth,hypertensive disorders, and delivery by cesarean section. Preconception care is a key to prevent associated fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and experience of preconception care and associated factors among pregnant mothers with pre existing diabetes mellitus attending diabetic clinic at selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa. Methods: A facility based both qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional study conducted from March 11 to April 12, 2018. For quantitative part, 142 pregnant mothers and for qualitative part, eight pregnant mothers who visited the clinic during the study period were included. Quantitative data coded and entered to Epi-data version 4.2.0 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression used to identify independent predictor of knowledge and statistical significance considered at p-value <0.05 and 95% CI. Qualitative data analyzed using an open code version 4.02. Result: This study revealed that 67(42.7%) of the study participants had good knowledge on preconception care. Educational level, occupational status and duration of diabetic follow up were factors significantly associated with knowledge of preconception care. Few women experienced anxiety related to their health condition and reproductive needs. All women interviewed had taken preconception folic acid and only few recognize its benefit. Conclusion and recommendation: Women’s level of knowledge on preconception care is relatively low. Consequently, establishing formal preconception care clinic that can address all the components of the care and increasing women’s knowledge regarding preconception care is important.
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    Assessment of Knowledge and Practice on Safe Handling of Cytotoxic Drugs Among Nurses Working in Oncology Unit at Governmental Hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06) Asefa Selamawit; Aga Fekadu(PhD); Getahun Negalign(BSc)
    Introduction: Occupational exposure to cytotoxic drugs is a worldwide concern and the number of staff possibly exposed to hazardous effect of the cytotoxic drug was more than 5.5 million. Unsafe handling practices have been pointed out in several studies, particularly in countries where access and use of these medicines have recently risen. Objective: To assess knowledge and practice on safe handling of cytotoxic drugs among nurses working in oncology unit at governmental hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019. Method: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 77 nurses in two selected governmental hospitals Addis Ababa Ethiopia from April 1-30, 2019. Censuses approach was used to select nurses. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and percentage were calculated to describe frequency and displayed in tables. Multiple Linear regression was done to see the association between dependent variables and independent variables. Significant factors were identified based on include in 95% level at p-value less than 0.05. Result: Mean score of knowledge of nurses about cytotoxic drug was7.82±2.22 and mean score practice of nurse 22.1±5.5 multiple regression analysis indicated that chemotherapy training was significantly associated with nurse’s knowledge (p = 0.01) and practice of nurses handling cytotoxic drug (p=.048) respectively. Working ward and experience were significant associated with knowledge of nurses on handling cytotoxic drug. Conclusion and Recommendation: Most of nurses didn’t take training about chemotherapy handling. This study finding showed that chemotherapy training was significantly associated with knowledge and practice. In service training regarding chemotherapy handling should be given to nurse’s and oncology course should be incorporated and reinforced in to nursing professions curriculums.
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    Assessment of Knowledge and Practice to wards care of Elderly Patients and Associated Factors Among Nurses in Adult Care Units at Selected Government Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-06) Alemu Gebeyaw; Mengistu Daniel (PhD); Berhane Emebet ( PhD)
    Background: Ageing is the accumulation of a series of changes in a person overtime. Nurses have the duty of care for all age ranges that considers knowledge ofdevelopmental stages specific to client/patient center need. However, there is limitedinformation on nurses’ knowledge and practice of care of the elderly in Ethiopia.Therefore, studying knowledge and practice of nurses towards elderly patients has animportant outcome on elderly care. Objective: Assess knowledge and practice towards care of elderly patients andassociated factors among nurses in adult care units at selected government hospitalsin Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. Method: Institution based cross sectional quantitative study design was conducted on310 nurses in three selected government hospitals in Addis Ababa. Multi stage sampling was used to select study participants. The study was conducted from February, 2021- March, 2021. Structured self-administered questionnaire was used. Result: Among 310 respondents, 125(40.3%) of nurses’ have good knowledge toward care of elder patient whereas 118(38.1%) nurses have highly practiced toward care of elder patient. The result showed that age and year of experience were significantly associated with nurse’s knowledge toward care of elder patient.Similarly, sex, level of education, year of experience in nursing profession, and taking training were significantly associated with nurse’s practice toward care of elderly patient. Conclusion and recommendations: Majority of nurses had poor knowledge and poor practice toward care of elderly patient. Age and year of experience were significantly associated with knowledge. On the other hand, sex, level of education,year of experience, and taking training were significantly associated with nurse’s practice toward care of elder patient. Therefore, federal ministry of health, hospital managers and nursing department should work cooperatively in order to improve nurse’s knowledge and enhance their practice toward care of elder patient.