Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management

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Browsing Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management by Subject "acclimatization"

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    Plant Regeneration from Anther Culture of Four Varieties of Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica Carinata A.Braun
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-07) zewdu, Yemisrach; Feyissa, Tileye (PhD)
    Brassica carinata A. Braun is an amphi-diploid species originated from interspecific hybridization between Brassica nigra and Brassica oleracea in the highlands of Ethiopia and adjoining regions of East African and Mediterranean coast. The crop has many desirable agronomic traits, but, with oil quality constraints like high erucic acid and glucosinolate contents. The application of anther culture could help ito improve the oil quality and other characteristics of the crop by developing haploid and doubled haploid lines within a shorter period of time than the conventional method. Four varieties of Brassica carinata, namely, Holeta 1, PGRCE 07/1/2, S-67 and Yellow Dodola, obtained from HARC and four basal media NN, B5, MS and N6 were used. In this study the experimental parameters like the effect of basal media, bud length and heat shock for anther derived plantlet regeneration were considered. The most responsive bud stages were flower buds with a length range of 1.5 - 2.5mm for all the varieties used. Regarding the heat treatment effects, incubating the cultures at a temperature of 320C for 24h with a humidity of 70% and transferring to continuous 250C dark culture condition gave the best result. The maximum embryo numbers were found to be 41.3, 36.3 and 26.0 for varieties PGRCE07/1/2, Yellow Dodolla and S-67, respectively, on B5 media supplemented with 1mg/l of NAA and 0.5mg/l of BAP. Holeta 1 scored the maximum mean number of embryos (40.3) on NN medium supplemented with similar PGR concentration. Germination of embryos was carried out on B5 medium supplemented with 0.02mg/l BAP and 0.02mg/l IAA and growth regulator free B5 medium, and the latter was found to be the best regeneration medium for all the varieties. Acclimatization and hardening was successful with 100% survival rate for varieties PGRCE 07/1/2 and S- 67, and the survival rates for Holeta 1 and Yellow Dodola were 97.3% and 96.3%, respectively. Key Words / phrases: acclimatization, androgenesis, basal media, embryogenesis, plant growth regulators, plantlet.