Plant Regeneration from Anther Culture of Four Varieties of Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica Carinata A.Braun
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Date
2010-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Brassica carinata A. Braun is an amphi-diploid species originated from
interspecific hybridization between Brassica nigra and Brassica oleracea
in the highlands of Ethiopia and adjoining regions of East African and
Mediterranean coast. The crop has many desirable agronomic traits, but,
with oil quality constraints like high erucic acid and glucosinolate contents.
The application of anther culture could help ito improve the oil quality and
other characteristics of the crop by developing haploid and doubled haploid
lines within a shorter period of time than the conventional method. Four
varieties of Brassica carinata, namely, Holeta 1, PGRCE 07/1/2, S-67 and
Yellow Dodola, obtained from HARC and four basal media NN, B5, MS
and N6 were used. In this study the experimental parameters like the effect
of basal media, bud length and heat shock for anther derived plantlet
regeneration were considered. The most responsive bud stages were flower
buds with a length range of 1.5 - 2.5mm for all the varieties used.
Regarding the heat treatment effects, incubating the cultures at a
temperature of 320C for 24h with a humidity of 70% and transferring to
continuous 250C dark culture condition gave the best result. The maximum
embryo numbers were found to be 41.3, 36.3 and 26.0 for varieties
PGRCE07/1/2, Yellow Dodolla and S-67, respectively, on B5 media
supplemented with 1mg/l of NAA and 0.5mg/l of BAP. Holeta 1 scored the
maximum mean number of embryos (40.3) on NN medium supplemented
with similar PGR concentration. Germination of embryos was carried out
on B5 medium supplemented with 0.02mg/l BAP and 0.02mg/l IAA and
growth regulator free B5 medium, and the latter was found to be the best
regeneration medium for all the varieties. Acclimatization and hardening
was successful with 100% survival rate for varieties PGRCE 07/1/2 and S-
67, and the survival rates for Holeta 1 and Yellow Dodola were 97.3% and
96.3%, respectively.
Key Words / phrases: acclimatization, androgenesis, basal media,
embryogenesis, plant growth regulators, plantlet.
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Keywords
acclimatization, androgenesis, basal media, embryogenesis, plant growth regulators, plantlet.