Zoological Sciences

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Browsing Zoological Sciences by Subject "abortifacient"

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    In Vivo and in Vitro Antifertility Properties of Vernonia Amygdalina Del
    (Addis Ababa University, 2006-07) Ayele Chirotaw; Mekonnen Yalemtsehay (PhD)
    Rapid population growth is becoming a problem which causes sever pressure on economic, social and cultural resources. Control of fertility using traditional antifertility plants has been practiced for many years in Africa including Ethiopia. Vernonia amygdalina locally known as “Girawa” is one of the many plants used for fertility regulation in Ethiopia. In the present study the anti-implantation and abortifacient property of 95% ethanol crude extract of the leaves of the plant in vivo and the spasmogenic effect of its fractions in isolated mouse uterus (MU) in vitro were tested. The crude extract of the plant was evaluated for its anti-implantation effect a doses of 0.385, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg body weight in mice. Its abortifacient property was also studied at doses of 1, 2 and 3 g/kg body weight. The crude extract was further fractionated to F1, F2, F3 and F4 to see the possible uterotonic property in the presence of an agonist ACh as a control. The crude extract caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in mean number of implantation sites compared to the controls at a dose of 1 g/kg. A significant difference was also observed in mean number of live fetuses and survival percent between the controls and the test groups at a dose of 3 g/kg. Thus the plant showed dose dependent antifertility effect. Among the fractions tested for uterotonic activity, F3 showed a significant uterine stimulatory effect compared to the control ACh. F1 did not show any effect. But F2 and F4 showed inhibitory effect compared to the control. The results support the traditional folk use of the leaf of the plant as antifertility agent. Key Words: Vernonia amygdalina, in vivo, in vitro, anti-fertility, anti-implantation, abortifacient, female mice, estrogenic, uterotonic, uterus, Ethiopia.