College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture

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Browsing College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture by Subject "A. cohaerence"

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    Assessing Farmers’ Acaricides Use and Efficacy Evaluation of Different Acaricides and Selected Herbal Extracts Against Cattle Ticks
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023) Solomon Desta; Dr. Lishan Assefa
    Tick-controlling activity has been carried out by using a variety of commercially available chemical acaricides. However, the extensive use of chemicals promotes resistance and resulted in toxicity to animals and the environment, and residues in food animal products. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing farmers’ acaricides use and efficacy evaluation of different acaricides and selected herbal extracts against cattle ticks. The study was carried out using the questionnaire survey and in vitro experimental activity to evaluate the acaricidal activities of hydromethanolic leaf extracts of Calpurnia aurea, Datura stramonium, Nicotina tobaccum, and Ricinus communis against Amblyomma cohaerence by comparing with the efficacy of deltamethrin, diazinon, amitraz and five brands of ivermectin, and with DMSO (10%) as the negative control. Adult immersion test (AIT) following complete randomized design was used to test the efficacy. The result showed that farmers in the study area have poor knowledge (50%) and improper practices (91%) about acaricides use. Deltamethrin and the five brands of ivermectin were showed the highest level of efficacy (100±0.00 %) in tick mortality, while diazinon and amitraz were the least ranked (83.3±8.82% and 63.3±8.82%) within 72hrs of exposure time, respectively. There were statistical significance differences in efficacy between amitraz and other acaricides (p = 0.000). All extracts at the concentration of 100mg/ml were showed a significant difference in tick killing after 48hr post-exposure time, while below 50mg/ml showed insignificant effect (p > 0.05). At 72hr post-exposure time, N. tobaccum showed better efficacy (86.7±8.8%) followed by D. stramonium (76.7±6.7%) at 100mg/ml. Besides, R. communis showed slightly better efficacy (70±5.8%) than C. aurea with a statistical mean (63.3±8.8%). Finally, N. tobaccum and D. stramonium showed good acaricidal activity, followed by R. communis and C. aurea. While compared with commercial acaricides, all herbal extracts showed higher efficacy than amitraz 12.5%. Hence, the current study recommends, herbal extracts that showed high efficacy should be used as an alternative therapy and commercial acaricides with low efficacy should be reserved from using on animals to control tick infestation.