Veterinary Epidemiology

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Browsing Veterinary Epidemiology by Subject "Alage ATVET College"

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    SERO-PREVALENCE INVESTIGATION AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF CONTAGIOUS CAPRINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA IN SELECTED DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (2017-06) Dinberu, Mamuye; Dr. Fufa Abunna, Dr. Esayas Gelaye
    Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a series respiratory disease of domestic goats and some wild ruminants caused by M. capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae (Mccp). A cross-sectional study with a multistage sampling method was conducted to determine the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of CCPP in the selected districts of central Ethiopia namely, Fentale and around Alage College from November 2016 to May 2017. Sera samples were collected and subjected to monoclonal antibody based competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the specific measurement of antibodies to Mccp. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered for 64 selected farmers to assess their perceptions and a 10 years (2007-2016) retrospective outbreaks data was analyzed to assess the national status of the disease. Furthermore, pathological lung tissue samples were collected from diseased goats showing respiratory sign and Mccp antigen was detected using species-specific primer of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR test showed an amplification of the Mccp antigen as an approximate size of 316bp. A total of 400 small ruminants (370 goat and 30 sheep) were sampled, and 14.9% and 3.3% sero-positivity was observed, respectively. At district level, the sero-prevalence of the disease in goats revealed 22.9% in Fentale and 6.2% around Alage area with statistically significant difference (P< 0.05). Among flock category >70 flock group significantly higher sero-prevalence were recorded in contrast to flock group <30 (χ2= 9.73; P= 0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analysis on the risk factors showed that production system was a significant factors for sero-positivity (P= 0.002; OR= 5.8; CI=1.9-17.1). From the questionnaire survey CCPP is known by the local name ‘Sombesa’ in Fentale and they described the disease; however, around Alage College livestock keepers had no experience of the clinical disease. A total of 175 outbreaks were reported by 66 districts in the 10 year period. The lowland pastoral area was taken the large number of outbreaks report specifically Borana and Gamgofa zone. In conclusion, the findings indicated that CCPP is the major goat disease especially in the pastoral area which needs feasible measures to be put in place towards the control of the disease effectively.