Veterinary Pathology

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Browsing Veterinary Pathology by Subject "Ambo"

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    HEMATOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON CHICKENS NATURALLY INFECTED BY COCCIDIOSIS IN AND AROUND AMBO TOWN, WEST SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (2015-06) Morka, Dandecha; Dr. Tilaye Demissie, Dr. Edilu Jorga
    A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 with the objective to determine hematological and pathological changes on local, Isa brown and koekoek breeds of chickens naturally infected with coccidosis. The study involved hematological, post mortem, mucosal scraping, gross and histopathological examinations. A total of 113 chickens with clinical signs suggestive of coccidiosis were examined. Five Eimeria species namely: E. tenella (48.8%), E. necatrix, (11.9%), E. brunetti (10.4%), E. maxima (6%) and E. acervulina (3%) were identified. Reduction on the red blood cells, Hemoglobin and decreased packed cell volume values were seen due to the effect of the parasites. From a total of 113 chickens examined, 67 (59.3%) were positive for Eimeria species. Fifty three (79.1%) of the coccidian positive chickens, showed visible gross lesions in the intestine and caecum. The frequency of detection of gross lesions in koekoek breed was significantly higher than that of local and Isa brown breeds (χ2 = 20.731, p < 0.05). Comparisons were made between microscopic & gross lesions from small intestine and caecum and it was found that certain lesions that were graded as mild in gross examinations showed significant microscopic lesion. Histopathological examinations of the affected small intestine and caecum showed excessive tissue damage, severe hemorrhagic enteritis with epithelial necrosis, presence of large clusters of schizonts and meronts in the damaged epithelial cells along with infiltrating inflammatory cells especially of eosinophils. In conclusion, the present study showed that coccidiosis had a destructive effect on chickens that is represented by a high reduction in red blood cell, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, increment in leukocyte counts and various gross and microscopic lesions. Prevention and control methods need to be implemented to reduce the loss due to coccidiosis.
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    Study on Prevalence of Poultry Coccidiosis in and Around Ambo, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2006-06) Shiferaw, Solomon; Dr. Ayana, Dinka
    A cross sectional study was conducted on poultry coccidiosis of local and Rhode Island breed from October 2013 to February 2014 in and around Ambo town, Ethiopia. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of coccidiosis, to identify species of Eimeria and to assess potential risk factors(breed,age sex and manegment system). The study involved postmortem examination of chickens, mucosal scraping and parasitological examination of oocyst, gross and histopathological examination and identification of Eimeria species. Out of 390 examined chickens 18.7%(73/390) of them were harbor different Eimeria species. Statistically no significant differences p˃0.05 (χ2=0.921, p= 0.337) was noted between young and adult age groups. Additionally there were no significant differences between local and Rhode Island Red breed(χ2= 0.16, P>0.05), management systems (extensive and semi intensive)(χ2= 2.245, P=> 0.05 and sexes(χ2= 3.609, p˃0.05). In the attempt made to identify the prevalent species of coccidian in the study area, five Eimeria species were identified, namely Eimeria. tenella, Eimeria. necatrix, Eimeria. burnette, Eimeria. maxima and Eimeria. acervulina with the prevalence of 60.27%, 15.06%, 9.6%, 1.4% and 1.4% respectively. Eimeria. tenella was the predominant species in the study area. In conclusion, the present study showed that coccidiosis is an important disease of poultry in the study area and further strategy needs to be implemented to reduce the loss due to coccidiosis. Key words: Ambo, coccidiosis, Eimeria, poultry, prevalence