Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Browsing Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology by Subject ":Lthyrus sativa"

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    Morphological and Biocuemical Diversity of Grassplj/L (Lathylws Sativus L) in Etiilol'la
    (Addis Ababa University, 1999-05) Tadesse Wuletaw; Bekele Endashaw (Professor)
    Fifty grasspea populations that were selected based on administrative regions and different altitude classes were used in tins study. A total of 1199 entries were evaluated for 14 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits. Oxalyl diamino propanoic acid (ODAP) variation was determined for 150 entries by taking three entries fi'Om each population. Protein content was detenrriued for the 50 grasspea populations following a standard procedure. TIle phenotypic variations in three enzyme systems: esterase(EST EC 3.1.1.), acid phosphatase (ACP:EC 3.1.3.2), and aspmiate amino tranferase(AAT:EC 2.6.1.1) was investigated using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis for 10 populations (25 entries per population) selected from the cluster analysis result based on the morphological data. Mean, coefficient of variations, heritability, genetic advance, cOlTeiation coefficients, cluster analysis, factor analysis and Shannon's diversity index estimate were used to estimate the morphological variation. ANOVA (analysis of variance) result indicated that there was significant variation for the different traits witlrin a population and between populations. The coefficient of variation was large for most traits in Gonder indicating more diversity in this region. Tins was fmiher asceliained by Shannon's diversity index where the mean diversity (H' ) was the highest in this region (0.65) followed by Tigray region (H' = 0.64). H at population level ranged form 0 (monomorphic) to 0.9 (polymorphic) for some traits. The over all mean diversity for Ethiopia was estimated to be H' =0.61. Chi-square analysis also showed that there was highly significant variation for each traits (seed size, flower colour, leaflet size and pattem of testa). Some variation in altitude groups was also noted though it was not significant. Analysis of variance for mean ODAP content and protein content showed non- significant differences between populations. However, ODAP analysis from single plants showed significant variation both with in a population and between populations. Fortunately, four individual plants with low ODAP contents ranging from 0.14% to 0.18% (range with in safe level) were obtained from populations collected from different regions indicating the diversity and variation of this trait with in population and between regions. These low ODAP lines are obviously considered important for further breeding program. Phenotypic polymOlphism was obselved for the three enzymes. High phenotypic polymOlphism was observed for esterase. There was negative bnt non significant (t= -0.25) association between morphological diversity index and mean expected hetrozygosity base on isozyme data. Key words:Lthyrus sativa, grasspea, lathyrism, diversity, morphological characters, ODAP, protein, isozyme, conselvation.