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Browsing Medical Laboratory Sciences by Subject "Allergy"
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Item Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with Atopy and Allergic disorders in Ziway, Central Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2017-05) Tesfay, Mheret; Tsegaye, Aster (PhD)Background: Some epidemiological and experimental data point to the protective effect of Helicobacter pylori infection against the development of many extra-gastric diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease and its associated outcomes, childhood asthma and allergy. There is scarcity of data concerning this in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the association of Helicobacter pylori infection with atopy and allergic disorders in Ziway, Central Ethiopia Methods and materials: Health facilities and school based cross sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to January 2017, Ziway, Ethiopia. A total of 461 children were enrolled in the study. Participant‟s socio-demographic and clinical information was collected using International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Skin prick test was done; blood and stool samples were collected from each participant. Automated WBC and manual eosinophil count were performed from EDTA blood while total serum IgE, H. Pylori stool antigen test and serum antibody test were determined using ELISA technique. Descriptive statistics were used to express the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. Binary logistic regression was computed to assess association between variables using SPSS version 20 for windows. P < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of past and current H.pylori infection was 70.3% and 5.2%, respectively. The overall prevalence of any sensitization was 2.4%. Our result also did not show the protective effect of the bacteria. There was no association between past H.pylori infection and atopic sensitization and allergic conditions (OR 1.58, 95% CI 0.44, 5.70 (P=0.48) and OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.56, 1.62 (P=0.86), respectively) and the current infection of H. pylori was not associated with allergic conditions with OR 1.81, 95% CI 0.53, 6.22 (P=0.35). In this study the IgE levels were elevated in current H.pylori infected atopic participants. Conclusion: In this study we didn‟t find any significant association between past and current H.pylori infection with atopy or allergic conditions. Further studies with high quality longitudinal cohort are needed to map every possible correlates of the infection. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Atopy, Allergy, IgEItem Association of Intestinal Helminth Infection with Atopy and Allergic Symptoms in Young Children in Batu, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Walelign, Sosina; Tsegaye, Aster (PhD)Background: Helminths are potent immunomodulators and chronic infections may protect against allergy-related disease and atopy. They are also known for inducing allergic conditions. This study was aimed to assess the association between helminths and atopy and allergic conditions. Objective: To assess the association between intestinal helminth infection and atopy/allergic outcomes in young children in Batu, Ethiopia. Methods: Questionnaire data on allergic symptoms and a range of confounding variables was gathered in a cross-sectional study of 461 children aged from 2 to 14 years from Batu. Allergic skin sensitization to house dust mite and cockroach was measured, and a stool sample collected for qualitative and quantitative geohelminth analysis. Serum IgE using ELISA and Manual eosinophil count were measured. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Overall sensitivity to both allergens was 2.6 %. Self - reported allergic outcomes in the last 12 months for the 461 participants had been; wheeze (3.7%), asthma (2.2%), eczema (13.2%), and hay fever (6.9%). A burden of 8.1% (36/444) was recorded for helminths. A borderline significant association was found between atopy and any allergy symptoms [OR 3.32 (95% CI: 0.99, 11.1), P = 0.052]. There was no significant association between helminths and atopy [OR 0.64 (95% CI: 0.29, 1.41) p = 0.268] and also between helminths and allergic symptoms [OR 0.64 (95% CI: 0.29, 1.41) p = 0.268]. Bivariate analysis showed keeping animas in the house associated with atopy while maternal and paternal history of allergy associated with allergic symptoms in the children. Conclusion: Contrary to the majority of related studies that reported a positive or negative association between helminths and allergy-related outcomes, we found no relation between the two. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to further elucidate the controversy. Keywords: Atopy, helminths, Allergy, IgEItem Association of Intestinal Helminthic Infection, Atopy and Allergic Disorder in the Setting of Mass Deworming Among Selected Government Primary School Children in Sululta Woreda, Oromia, Ethiopia(Addis Ababa University, 2017-11) Abera, Dessie; Tsegaye, Aster (PhD)Background: Intestinal helminthic infections have been suggested to play protective role from allergic sensitization and atopic diseases. There is a concern that deworming could increase the prevalence of atopic disease in endemic populations. There is inconsistent and little information about the relationship between helminthic infection and allergic disease in Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association of intestinal helminthes and atopy /allergic disorder in the setting of mass deworming among school children in Sululta, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 526 school children aged 5 to 14 years from three selected government primary schools in Sululta woreda. Information on socio-demographic characteristic, associated risk factors and allergic symptoms were obtained using questionnaire. From all children, fresh stool samples were collected and processed by direct wet mount, formol-ether concentration and Kato-Katz technique and atopy was assessed by skin prick test (SPT). In addition, venous blood was collected for eosinophil count. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version21 statistical software. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the strength of the association. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: Of the total 526 school children 58.2% (306) were females. Overall 24% (n=126/526) had questionnaire based allergic symptoms while 5.1 % (n=27/526) had skin prick test reactivity, 16.9% of them (n=89/526) had intestinal helminthic infection. All helminthic infections were with low intensity level. There was no association between helminthic infection and allergic symptoms (OR=1.30, 95% CI=0.778-2.171, P=0.317). Ascaris lumbricoides infection was positively associated with skin test reactivity (AOR=4.307, 95%CI=1.143-16.222, P=0.031). Atopy was significantly associated with increased allergy symptoms (AOR=2.787, 95%CI=1.253-6.197, P=0.012). Short term deworming had no effect on atopy but has a protective effect on allergic symptom. Conclusion: Low intensity and low prevalence of helminthic infection in our findings may have contributed to the non-significant association of allergy and helminthes infection; however, Ascaris lumbricoides was positively associated with atopy. Further longitudinal study is recommended to examine the mechanism of Ascaris lumbricoides infection for the development of atopy. Keywords: Atopy, Allergy, Intestinal helminthes, School children