Population Studies

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Browsing Population Studies by Subject "attitude"

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    Determinants of Abortion Practice in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-07) Habte, Mehiret; Asnake, Mengistu (PhD)
    Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 42 million abortions take place every year around the world. Approximately 95% of unsafe abortions take place in poor countries, where access to family-planning services is limited. Unsafe abortion accounted for 17% of all maternal deaths in Eastern Africa. In Ethiopia 500,000 women suffer disabilities related to pregnancy and child health due to unsafe abortion related reasons. In Addis Ababa, unsafe abortion accounts for almost 54% percent of maternal mortality. Objective: This study aimed to examine different socio-cultural, economic and demographic factors that are associated with their knowledge, attitude and practice of abortion. Methodology: By applying multistage sampling method , 430 Addis Ababa reproductive age women were interviewed from five randomly selected health facilities which provide Comprehensive Abortion Care. Representative from three types of health providers (Government, private and NGO owned) were also interviewed in depth. Descriptive, Chi-square and multivariate analysis were done to figure out factors associated with their knowledge, a attitude and practice of abortion. Result: Only 44% of the interviewed women can state the correct circumstances where abortion is permissible under Ethiopian abortion law. In terms of attitude 54 % of them are against the idea of abortion practice and 41 % of them do not agree on legality of abortion. Respondent's religious affiliation indicates an association with respondent's attitude towards legality of abortion. From the 414 ever pregnant women 65% of them have had abortion practice in their life time. Of which 66% of the abortion was induced. Taking the confounding effects of each variable, marital status, parity, abortion attitude, unwanted pregnancy history, birth place and occupation were found to be the major predictor variables that related with women abortion practice. Conclusion: Women who are married, less than 30 years old, employed and who were born outside Addis Ababa mirrored relatively higher level of abortion practice than their counterparts. Giving due attention for effective family planning utilization, post abortion care, women empowerment, awareness on abortion legality, proper training and medical supplies are the major themes which needs to be considered for further interventions on abortion in general and unsafe abortion in particular. Key words: Abortion , attitude, practice, unwanted pregnancy
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    Determinants of HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Among High School Students in Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-12) Helen Tsegaye; Chalachew Getahun (PhD)
    Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) regarding HIV/AIDS is one of the corner stone in the fight against the disease. Youths, especially high school students, are most vulnerable to infection, among others due to lack of adequate information, bad attitude towards PLWHIV/AIDS, and risky sexual practices. Evaluation of their KAPs remains crucial in designing appropriate prevention strategies. This study sought to investigate the determinants of HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention knowledge, attitude and practice among high school students in Yeka Sub City of Addis Ababa. The study employed multivariate binary logistic regression to analyze the patterns and determinants of the disease, using crosssectional data collected from randomly selected 608 students aged 15–22 years. All respondents reported to have heard about HIV/AIDS before. However, misconceptions about routes of transmission were observed in 20 % of respondents. In addition, out of the total study participants, 89 (14.6%) have ever been exposed to sexual intercourse, but only 20 (22.47%) of them used condom during intercourse. In terms of determinants, students, who were at higher grade level, were more likely to have higher HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention knowledge than those in lower grade levels (AOR: 15.5; P=0.001: 95 % CI: 3.036- 80.05). Respondents whose mothers achieved secondary education compared to those students whose mothers were unable to read and write were more likely to have more positive attitude towards PLWHIV/AIDS (AOR: 0.24; P=0.007; 95% CI: 0.06-66). Students had a satisfactory level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention. None-the-less misconceptions about HIV transmission, intolerance and discriminatory attitudes towards PLWHIV, and risky sexual practices were observed among study participants, which can be minimized by boosting their knowledge through sex education since the latter was their main source of information on HIV/AIDS. In addition, maternal education status and fathers’ education status are also determinants of high school student HIV/AIDS KAP so there should reinforcement of educational interventions particularly in the secondary school and Parents should be thought, and work with to change their attitude and belief about communication with their children in order to protect youth from the virus.
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    Knowledge, Attitudes, Risky Behavior and Preventive Practices on Sexually Transmitted Diseases among High School Adolescent students in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2022-06) Fasil Alene; Tariku Dejene (Ass. Professor)
    Sexually transmitted diseases are major cause of infertility, acute illness, long-term disability and death in both developed and developing country. Preventing and controlling STDs will have reducing bad pregnancy outcomes and women’s risk of cervical cancer, infertility and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and an attempt has been made to assess knowledge, attitudes, risky behavior and preventive practices on sexually transmitted diseases among high school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Ethiopia. School based cross sectional study was conducted among 419 students and stratified random sampling technique was used in proportion to number of school and finally, the respondents were selected by simple random sampling in proportion of grade and sex. Semi structured questionnaire was used to collect information from respondents and data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20 software. The descriptive results were presented by table and chart, and logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors and to measure the association of outcome variables. From 419 randomly selected adolescent students 409 of them participated in the study which gives a response rate of 97% and majority 337 (82.4%) of students were from Government Schools and the rest 72 (17.6%) were from Private Schools. Mean (+SD) and median age for the respondents were found to be 17.03 (+1.457) and 17 years respectively. 87.3% of students had good knowledge of STDs but more than half of the participants (64.1%) never knew STDs other than HIV/ AIDS. About half (50.4%) of respondents had appropriate attitude and more than half (68.7%) of respondents had good preventive Practice towards STDs but students who practiced sexual intercourse ever had 99% less likely to have good preventive practice than who never had sex (AOR: .011, 95% CI (0. 004, .030)). The odds of having risky sexual experience among Students who have appropriate knowledge on STDs were decline by 82% than those students who haven’t appropriate knowledge on STDs (AOR: 0.182,95% CI(.044,.756)).