Browsing by Author "Tibebu, Melatwork (MSc, PhD candidate)"

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    Assessment of Immunohematological Outcome Among Adult HIV Patients Taking Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy for at Least Six Months in Yabelo Hospital, south East Ethiopia.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Ashenafi, Girma; Tsegaye, Aster (MSc, PhD); Tibebu, Melatwork (MSc, PhD candidate)
    Background: Immunohematological parameters are key tools for evaluating antiretroviral treatment and prognosis during follow up in Human immunodeficiency virus infected patients. Clinical response to highly active antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings is monitored with CD4 + T cell counts and some hematologic indices. Comparing baseline immunohematological parameters of infected patients with their change after they take treatment for at least six months is very useful in evaluating treatment success. Objective: To assess changes in immunological and haematological parameters in HIV infected patients on HAART for at least Six months at the antiretroviral therapy clinic of Yabelo Hospital, Borena, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from February to July 2021 using convenient sampling method to recruit 333 HIV infected adults who were on follow-up for at least six months at the ART clinic of Yabelo hospital. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Venous blood samples were collected and processed following standard procedures for determining CD4+ T cell count and complete blood count using FACSPresto and Sysmex XE 2100 automated haematology analyser, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify factors significantly associated with the outcome variable. P –value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Result:- The prevalence of anemia(47.4%),leucopenia(73.3%),neutropenia(58.3%), lymphopenia (76.9% ) and thrombocytopenia(3.3% ) before starting of highly active antiretroviral therapy was declined to 23.1%, 36.4%, 23.4%, 35.7% and 2.4% after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy, respectively; there was also significant decrease in the rate of Immunosuppression (62.2% to 20.7%). Except MCHC, there was a significant improvement in the common hematological parameters after use of highly active antiretroviral therapy for at least six month.Treatment interruption, presence of extra pulmonary TB ,sex and BMI were factors associated with anemia after ininitation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Conclusion: Immunohematological profile of the patients has improved after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Treatment interruption, presence of extra pulmonary TB, female sex and Body mass index are factors associated with anemia. Early initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy is helpful in decreasing hematological abnormalities in HIV infected patients.
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    Hematological Parameters of Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction at S.t Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-03) Mohammed, Kedir; Negash, Mikyas(MSc, PhD candidate, Assistant Professor of Hematology and Immunohematology); Tibebu, Melatwork (MSc, PhD candidate)
    Background: Thyroid hormones have a decisive role in metabolism and proliferation of blood cells and blood cells indices. Thyroid dysfunction leads different effects on blood cells such as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and in rare cases causes pancytopenia. Objectives: To determine hematological parameters of patients with thyroid dysfunction at S.t Paul‟s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from March- August, 2020. Methods: A hospital based comparative cross sectional study was conducted from March to August, 2020, at SPHMMC, Addis, Ababa, Ethiopia. Convenient sampling technique was used for comprising of a total of 180. Participants‟ socio-demographic and clinical information was collected from hospital cards. Initially 10 ml of venous blood samples were collected in to two separated test tubes. The blood specimen in the plain tube used for measurement of TSH, T3 and T4 (Cobase e 411 immunoassay system). Sample in the EDTA tubes, used for CBC analysis (Beckman-coulter hematology analyzer). Descriptive statistics was used to express the socio demographic and clinical characteristics. Independent T test to compare mean value between the groups, binary and multiple logistic regressions were computed to assess association be-tween variables using SPSS version 20. P value less than 0.05 were taken as statistical significant. Results: Of the 180 study participants, 74(41.1%) hypothyroidism and 49(27.2) hyperthyroidism and 57(31.8%) were apparently healthy controls. Of them 137 (71.1 %) were female, most in the age group 26-39 years (84, 46.7%). The result obtained showed a statistically significant decrease in RBC count, Hb, HCT, MCV, PLT counts and MPV in thyroid dysfunction patients when compared with apparently healthy controls (p value <0.05). MCHC, RDW, WBC and NEU% were statistically significant increased (p value <0.05). MCH, MON%, EOS% and BAS%, did not showed significant difference between the groups (p value >0.05). Conclusion: Thyroid hormones have a significant influence on blood cell count and blood cell indices. This study showed that statistical significant difference in RBCs, Hb, HCT, MCV MCHC, total WBC count, neutrophils, PLT count, and MPV between patients with thyroid dysfunction and apparently healthy controls (p<0.05). But no difference showed MCH, monocytes, eosinophil and basophils between those groups (p- value > 0.05).