Browsing by Author "Teka, Tegegne (PhD)"

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    Assessment of Integrated Housing Development Program in Addis Ababa: Housing Provision and Employment Creation
    (Addis Ababa University, 2010-10) Hussen, Jemila; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    The major goals of the Integrated Housing Development Program in Addis Ababa (IHDPAA) are government housing production to meet the housing needs of the low and medium income people and also to create mass employment opportunity for Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). The purpose of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of the Program in meeting these two goals and the challenges that are facing the Program in meeting these goals. Questionnaires had been distributed for condominium house owners on a random basis and to MSE operators by using stratified sampling method in Arada, Bole and Nifas Silk Lafto Sub Cities. Focus Group Discussion was conducted with Site committee members and MSE supervisors in the above selected sub cities in addition to the in - depth interview with MSE and housing officials from Addis Ababa Housing Development Project Office, Ministry of Works and Urban Development, and the selected sub Cities. Percentages, tables, graphs and coefficient of correlation by using SPSS version 17.0 were used in analyzing and examining the quantitative data. The empirical results indicate that IHDPAA is not achieving its goal as originally planned. The first goal of meeting the housing demand of low and medium income people did not achieve due to slow rate of housing production, low income level of residents, absence of housing finance, lack of serviced land and lack of institutional capacity to effectively implement the Program. The Program is successful in meeting the second goal that is creating employment opportunity. The limitation of the Program with regard to employment is that the jobs created lacks sustainability. The findings indicate that MSEs that are participating in the Program face different challenges of growth and expansion. Therefore, the study suggests that the Program should consider alternative housing delivery mechanisms to meet the housing demand of the city especially the housing needs of the low and medium income people who are more vulnerable to the problem. Supporting the MSEs, by solving the challenge they face, can enhance the job opportunity that can be created by the Program. In addition, the government should consider other policy interventions that encourage labor intensive technologies in order to reduce the unemployment problem. Therefore, this study can be used as an important reference on some issues related to IHDPAA in order to improve the effectiveness of the Program
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    The Impact of Decentralization on Efficiency and Meritocracy of the Civil Service in Ethiopia: The Case of Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regions
    (Addis Ababa University, 2000-06) Digie, Tesfaye; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    The concept oj Civil Service has various dimensions. One oj its dimensions relates it to the system oj personnel administrations that are applied to the government employees. Th e second Jocuses on the government Junctions by the people who occupy job positions that are neither political, juridical nor militwy. The third is related to employees oj government ministries and agencies. Civil Service also takes different Jorms and structures in different systems oj governance. In a decentralized system, it is related to a larger extent, to the responsibilities oj the decentralized units. There are numerous benefits oj the Civil Service in decentralization. It is reported that in decentraliza tion , Civil Service is capable oj providing efficient and relevant public services to the local conditions. III Ethiopia, even though th ere were some attempts oj decentralization through regionalization oj the country, where some regions were considered as autonomous, it was only afier 1991 that decentralization was taken as a major political measure. In 1991, when the EPRDF took over political power, one oj the first political measures taken was the regionalization oj the country along ethnic lines. The ethnic based regions established thus have been enjoying autonomous status with respect to government activities that fall under their authority. The Civil Service, hence, is one oj the responsibilities oj the regions. The usual tradition, where the central ministries and agencies control and supervise the regional Civil Service activities has been no longer the practice.This system has its own impact upon the efficiency and meritocracy of the Civil Service of the regions. Accordingly, it is found that the efficiency of the regional Civil Service is undermined after the ethnic based decentralization has been undertaken in the countly . This is due to the fact that the organization structure of some bureaus and offices does not help to achieving efficiency. There are bureaus and offices in the regions that are established with little tasks to peltorm and there are also other bureaus and ofJices of which the tasks are similar with others but unnecessarily established as separate entities. Moreover, some bureaus and offices are operating in costly and delayed implementation of Civil Service administration. In addition, the merit aspect of the regional Civil Service is at risk because of the ethnic based decentralization. This is due to the prevalence of ethnic and language issues and the interference of political considerations in the operations of the Civil Service at the Regional levels.
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    Industrial Waste and Urban Communities in Addis Ababa: the Case of Akaki Kaliti And Kolfe Keranio Sub Cities
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-07) Kifle, Selamawit; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    Most industrial establishments in Addis Ababa discharge their wastes into the nearby rivers or on open spaces. The urban communities, who live adjacent to industries, face health problems due to industrial wastes. The study took two sub cities in Addis Ababa region. These are Akaki kaliti and Kolfe Keranio sub cities. In these sub cities the industries which are known by EPA for polluting the environment were selected. From Akaki Kaliti Sub city: Akrem Metena Animal Feed Factory, Kaliti Food SC, Akaki Metal Products Factory and K.K Textile Factory and from Kolfe Keranio Addis Ababa Tannery and Gulelle Soap Factory were selected.The general objective of the research is to assess the extent of the industrial waste problem on urban communities. Literature states that the proximity to the source of waste generation increases the risk of being affected by industrial wastes. The findings of the research revealed that all the industries use industrial waste disposal systems, more specifically open and ocean dumping. Recycling or waste treatment systems are used by 33 percent of the industries. No industry uses waste avoidance or reduction methods. The licensing and registering bodies including Ministry of Trade and Industry at different levels and Ethiopian Investment Agency do not have siting criteria applicable in the placement of industries. Environmental Protection offices are not actively involved in controlling and regulating the industries which are polluting the environment due to industrial wastes. Ministry of Health did very little with respect to industrial wastes. On the other hand, the communities are affected by the industrial waste problem. Most respondents have respiratory diseases, cough, diarrhea, and eye problems. The day-to-day lives of the community are affected by pollution as a result of industrial wastes. The community had put complaints to different bodies including the sub city’s top management, the sub city’s Environmental Protection offices, the kebeles & industries. To solve the industrial waste problem, coordinated effort of all involved is required. Awareness creation task should be done by Environmental Protection Authority and Ministry of Health. Siting criteria needs to be designed and implemented. Measures should be taken on those industries disposing untreated wastes on open spaces and/or water bodies. Coordinated effort would only work if those involved are aware of the problems and the solutions suggested
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    An Inquiry to Transform Servant Governance in Ethiopia a Structural Equation Modeling Approach
    (A.A.U, 2020-12) Ibrahim, Adem; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    A remarked paradigm shift of Public Administration from Traditional Public Administration to New Public Management and recently to Governance approach has occurred. For more than a century the issue of state-society bifurcation, politics-administration dichotomy, and instrumental versus institutional perspectives are still the continued unsolved puzzles. The purpose of this study is to develop a pragmatic institutionalized ‘servant governance’ model of public administration through reconstructing, re-conceptualizing, and reinterpreting state-society bifurcation, politics-administration dichotomy, and instrumental orientations. Following post-positivist paradigmatic position, this study used Theory-then research theory building approach and Structural Equation modeling analytical tool for verification. 1200 cross-sectional survey data was used to develop and verify the proposed servant governance model and to examine the level of Government Performance, Citizens’ satisfaction, and Political trust. The model was tested and assured for its fitness towards the diagnostic assumptions, dimensionality, construct validity, and reliability. The study revealed that the overall level of government performance, citizens’ satisfaction, and political trust in Ethiopian public administration was significantly low. Servant Governance as higher order construct composed of nine first order dimensions theoretically sound and empirically validated. The newly constructed Servant Governance Model positively and significantly determine the level of political trust, with a path coefficient of 0.972 (t-value 19.199, p=0.000), performance, with a path coefficient of 0.90 (t-value 19.077, p=0.000), and satisfaction, with a path coefficient of 0.701 (t-value 16.628, p=0.000). The study concluded that the Servant Governance Model significantly explains and captures 94.4% of the variance in Trust; 80% of the variance in Performance and 48.4 percent of the variance in Satisfaction. Based on the findings and conclusions, this research suggests that restructuring governance through the verified ‘Servant Governance Model’ overcomes the limitations in previous governing models and results in high level of political trust, government performance, and citizens’ satisfaction.
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    An Investigation into the Challenges of Implementation of the Health Extension Program in Berek wereda of Oromiya Region
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-06) Mekonnen, Tewodros; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    The Health Extension Program which has been implemented in Ethiopia since 2005 is launched with the view of taking healthcare services closer to the local people. This program aims to improve access and equity of primary health care through provision of essential health interventions at the village and household level. It focuses on sustained preventive health actions and increased community awareness. In the implementation of the program, however, different challenges are limiting the achievement of its objectives. In light of this, this study was conducted to investigate the challenges of Health Extension Program (HEP) implementation in Berek Wereda of Oromiya Region. In doing this investigation, descriptive research design was followed. Subjects of the study were Health Extension Workers (HEWs), program beneficiaries or the community and Wereda Health Bureau Officials. In the study, two types of sampling techniques were used. Using purposive sampling method, four Kebeles of the study sites were selected. One hundred thirty- eight community participants were selected using random sampling technique. Beside these, seventeen HEWs were randomly selected and participated in the study. The data gathering instruments employed in the study were questionnaire, interview schedule, key informant interviews, focus group discussion and site observation. The study involved strict respect for informed consent, voluntary participation and confidentiality. The findings of the study indicated that there are improvements in the accessibility of primary health care services to the community. However, different challenges are limiting the proper implementation of the HEP in the study Wereda. Attrition of HEWs, low budget allocation, irregular and insufficient supply of medical logistics and drugs, weak infrastructure facilities, poor working conditions for HEWs and insufficient community participation, are the major challenges identified in the study. Based on the findings of the study, the research recommended the strengthening of infrastructure facilities, allocation of sufficient budget, sufficient and regular supply of medical logistics, office materials and drugs, creation of better working environment for HEWs and promoting community participation. It is also important to consider the development of local resource capacity and strengthening better coordination among all stakeholders of the program for better implementation of the program in the study area
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    An Investigation into the Factors Affecting the Implementation of Agricultural Extension Program in Hintalo-Wajirat Wereda, South- Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-08) Solomon, Ataklti; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    Agriculture is the backbone of Ethiopian economy and 85% of Ethiopian population are living in rural areas based on agricultural economic activities. That is why the sector attracted the attention of the Government and NGOs in general and agricultural institutions in particular. As a result, agricultural extension program is one of the inputs for the development of the agricultural sector. However, agricultural extension program faced various challenges in Hintalo-Wajirat Wereda in its implementation process. Hence, the objective of this research is to explore the factors affecting the implementation of agricultural extension program in Hintalo-Wajirat Wereda. In doing this, exploratory and explanatory approaches with qualitative and quantitative methods are employed. However, the research has involved more of qualitative than quantitative method. Purposive and random sampling techniques are employed in order to select the study sites within Hintalo-Wajirat Wereda and study respondents respectively. To collect the required primary source of data, instruments of data collection which include questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion and practical site observation were used. Secondary source of data to strengthen the primary source of data was also carefully examined. In the study, it is revealed that lack of awareness, provision of education and training, absence of supervision and coordination, insufficient daily perdium, inadequate infrastructure, lack of credit service and expensive nature of the price of agricultural inputs were the major factors affecting the implementation of agricultural extension program in Hintalo-Wajirat Wereda. Based on the findings of the study, the research recommended that creating community awareness, providing educational and training facilities, supportive supervision and coordination, establishing sufficient infrastructural conditions, provision of sufficient allowance to agricultural extension workers and credit service to the rural households and increment of the price of agricultural inputs should be the focus of areas by the Governments and NGOs.
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    An Investigation of Decentralization and Development in Gozamin Wereda of East Gojjam -Amhara Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-03) Yimer, Alemu; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    This study attempts to investigate the contribution of decentralization for local development in Gozamin Wereda (District) of East Gojjam Zone Administration in the Amhara Regional State in Ethiopia. The study presents the contribution of decentralization in promoting local development. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed to collect the data for the study. The instruments used to collect the data are survey questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion. Primary and secondary data were collected from different actors of development in the Wereda as well as official reports and documents were consulted from Gozamin Wereda sector offices. The analysis was supported by literature, legal and official documents. The Major findings focused on health, education, agricultural extension services and political powers of local Councils and their duties were depicted as follows. On average, the services in health, education and agricultural extension have increased by 35%, 5% and 6% respectively during the last eight years. The community participation in socio-economic development activities has increased by an average of 22% during the last consecutive eight years, and their major contribution were focused on cash, material and labor for the construction of health centers, schools, farmer training centers, potable water points and rural roads. The study reveals that the kind of services that were provided to each Kebele is unbalanced and it differs from Kebele to Kebele due to the capacity of Kebele leaders in mobilizing human and financial resources. The Wereda administration is dependent on the state grants to cover their expenditure needs. As a matter of fact, Gozamin Wereda receives 87% of the expenditure needs from the Regional Government, while 13% of the expenditure need is collected from the Wereda. Decentralization enables and increases the involvement of the community in political and development issues. On the other hand, the study reveals that there is no space for participation of different political parties at both the Kebele and the Wereda levels. This results in the lack of debate on policy issues and policy alternatives from political opponents that is in favor of the people. The study also presents evidences that the powers and duties of Kebele and Wereda Councils are very weak to decide on issues under their jurisdiction because of the dominance of the executives at the Kebele and Wereda levels
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    The Role of Agricultural Marketing Cooperatives in Reducing Rural Poverty: the Case of Yirgachefe and Sidama-Elto Cooperative Unions in SNNP Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-07) Tereda, Alemu; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    The study on The Role of Agricultural Marketing Cooperatives in Reducing Rural Poverty- the case of Yirgachefe Coffee Farmers Cooperative Union and Sidama Elto Farmers Cooperative Union tried to analyze the overall impact of agricultural marketing cooperatives on rural farmers with a view of assessing the real and potential role of agricultural marketing cooperatives on the reduction of rural poverty through Socio-Economic Development of the rural poor. The study used cross qualitative and quantitative approach by means of structured interview with sample members in the cooperative sector as the basic data gathering tool followed by in- depth interviews with leaders and officials in selected cooperative societies and concerned bodies at different levels and focus group discussions with a view to illuminate on the finding from the secondary data reviews. The study shows that the selected case study cooperatives have considerably contributed to rural poverty reduction through agricultural cost reduction, access to market and better price for outputs to their members. However, the potentials of the cooperatives and the extent of their development have fallen short of success due to low standard of performance, narrow scope of services, poor management, financial limitations, corruptions and misuse of funds, and lack of coordinated work of stakeholders. The findings of the study on the selected cooperatives and households show that given the willingness of the farmers to join cooperatives, the feeling of belongingness they have to the cooperatives and the participatory method of development the cooperatives have, the rural low- income population would take any opportunity to join cooperatives that would help members to end poverty at the household level
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    The Role of the Informal Sector for Women Economic Development: A Case Study on Women Traders in Kolfe Keraniyo and Yeka Sub Cities in Addis Ababa City Administration – Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Abebe, Yodit; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    This study investigates the ― Role of the Informal Sector for Women Economic Development in two sub cities in Addis Ababa City Administration.‖ The main objective of the study was to assess what women can do in the informal sector for their economic livelihood in terms of employment creation, income generation, and household support and, for poverty reduction. A total of 196 questionnaires were administered on the sampled women informal sector operators in the two sub cities. In addition, interviews with government officials and NGO were also conducted. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The hypotheses are tested by using qualitative and quantitative data. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher identified and discussed the direct and indirect benefit of the informal sector and looked in to the livelihoods of poor women as well as the major challenges encountered during the operation of the business. The study revealed that the informal sector has a positive role to play for women in economic development in terms of job creation, income generation, and house hold support and poverty reduction. It enables women to expand their income generation scheme through the opportunity it creates for them to earn income that they use for the welfare of members in their households. The sample respondents stressed the importance of the informal sector for alleviating household poverty. The study also identified the major challenges of the operators such as lack of working place, shortage of working capital, problems faced by the code enforcement police, (lack of encouragement by the government police), and no access to credit facility and women operators do not see an increasing demand for their items on the sale. Finally, in order to minimize and alleviate the problems faced by the women economic operators, some options are recommended to policy makers or for concerned government bodies. These include empowering informal traders by creating more favorable environment for trade, and improved access to market, providing credit facilities, and information on how to build, organize and make success on small business. Key words: Informal Sector, Women, Economic Development
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    A Study of the Civil Service Reform in Adama City Administration: Regional State of Oromia- Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-03) Taye, Yosef; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    This study attempts to explain the civil service reform in the delivery of public services which is implemented in Adama city administration. It aims at assessing whether the reform achieved the intended objectives about efficiency and effectives in the delivery of services, to render better quality services and be accountable for its failure, to produce committed citizens, and to bring attitudinal change towards public service delivery. To this end, the study starts by explaining the overall move for reform globally and then narrows its scope. It also deals with assessing the factors that led to the achievement or failure of the process in Adama city administration. The study presents data collected from the field using a qualitative and quantitative approach. The instruments used to gather the data are questionnaires, interviews, observation and documents. However, the data collected draws a complex picture. It indicates that some reform measures are successful while others unsuccessful. For instance, the number of clients served has increased to some extent, time of queuing for services is reduced or services rendered per hour has increased and decentralized delivery of services at Kebele level. On the other hand, capacity building and behavioral change towards serving clients in fair manner are not observed. The study reveals factors that impeded the achievement of the reform process like limited resources, poor communication of the reform objective, small amount of remuneration, and lack of local ownership of reform. As a general assessment, the reform has achieved its objectives to some extent in the delivery of services and the study concludes with suggestions of what the future reformers should strive to do for successful reforms