Browsing by Author "Tadesse, Mekonnen (Professer)"

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    Analysis of Human Deaths by Road Traffic Accident in Oromia Region, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-01) Abdissa, Merga; Tadesse, Mekonnen (Professer)
    Globally, road traffic accidents are leading causes of death among young people in general, and the main cause of death among those aged 15–29 years, in particular. In Ethiopia, the average number of road traffic injuries has been increasing from year to year, where Oromia regional State is the major contributor of the total fatalities occurred. The aim of this study is to identify the major factors determining the number of human death by road traffic accident in Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia using an appropriate count regression model based on data obtained from the Oromia Police Commission Bureau that have been recorded on daily basis during July 8, 2016 - July 7, 2017. The descriptive result showed that 2,712 out of 3,900 of the accidents were not fatal accidents. All formal statistical tests indicated that the data are overdispersed and that there are excess zeros. Among families of count models, the hurdle Poisson (HP) model was found to be the most appropriate to the dataset. The results of hurdle Poisson regression model showed that age of driver, experience of driver, type of vehicle, vehicle service, road condition, time of accident, location of accident, environment of accident, type of accident and accident cause were significant factors influencing the number of human death per accident in Oromia regional state of Ethiopia.
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    Determinants and Trends of Under-Five Child Mortality In Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2018-06-02) Tadesse, Mulugeta; Tadesse, Mekonnen (Professer)
    The burden of under-five mortality remains unevenly distributed. About 80 percent of under-five deaths occur in two regions, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Ethiopia is among the six countries that account for half of the global under-five deaths.The aim of this study was to identify the significant socio-economic and demographic factors influencing under-five child mortality and evaluate the variation among the regional states of Ethiopia.In this study, the 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016 EDHS data were used to describe the trend of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. The 2016 EDHS data have beenused to analyze determinants and variation of under-five mortality by background characteristics. Single-level logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression models were used to identify the major risk factors of under-five mortality and regional variations in under-five child mortality in Ethiopia using the 2016 EDHS data.The results from single-level and multilevel logistic regression analyses showed that Sex of a child, Age of a child in month, Birth type, Birth order number, Number of Household size, Breastfeeding status, Educational level of mother’s, Place of residence and type of toilet facility had significant effects on under-five child mortality and there is variation of under-five child mortality from region to region. Conversely, preceding birth interval, wealth index Household, Source of drinking water and place of delivery were found insignificant.The results revealed variation of under-five child mortality from region to region. The multilevel logistic regression analysis result showed that the effects of breastfeeding varied across regions whereas the effects of other covariates on under-five child mortality remained fixed across regions.
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    Determinants and Trends of Under-Five Child Mortality in Ethiopia
    (2018-06-05) Tadesse, Mulugeta; Tadesse, Mekonnen (Professer)
    The burden of under-five mortality remains unevenly distributed. About 80 percent of under-five deaths occur in two regions, sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Ethiopia is among the six countries that account for half of the global under-five deaths.The aim of this study was to identify the significant socio-economic and demographic factors influencing under-five child mortality and evaluate the variation among the regional states of Ethiopia.In this study, the 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016 EDHS data were used to describe the trend of under-five mortality in Ethiopia. The 2016 EDHS data have beenused to analyze determinants and variation of under-five mortality by background characteristics. Single-level logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression models were used to identify the major risk factors of under-five mortality and regional variations in under-five child mortality in Ethiopia using the 2016 EDHS data.The results from single-level and multilevel logistic regression analyses showed that Sex of a child, Age of a child in month, Birth type, Birth order number, Number of Household size, Breastfeeding status, Educational level of mother’s, Place of residence and type of toilet facility had significant effects on under-five child mortality and there is variation of under-five child mortality from region to region. Conversely, preceding birth interval, wealth index Household, Source of drinking water and place of delivery were found insignificant.The results revealed variation of under-five child mortality from region to region. The multilevel logistic regression analysis result showed that the effects of breastfeeding varied across regions whereas the effects of other covariates on under-five child mortality remained fixed across regions.
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    Determinants of Ethiopian Men’s Attitudes Toward Wife Beating
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-06-04) Ayele, Asrat; Tadesse, Mekonnen (Professer)
    The world health organization suggested that violence against women is not a new phenomenon, nor are its consequences to women’s physical, mental and reproductive health. What is new is the growing recognition that acts of violence against women are not isolated events but rather form a pattern of behavior that violates the rights of women and girls, limits their participation in society, and damages their health and well-being. Wife beating, the most widespread form of domestic violence, is a major cause of disability and death in many developing countries like Ethiopia. This study aims to assess the attitudes of men toward wife beating using data from the Ethiopia demographic and health survey conducted in 2016. The binary multiple logistic regression and LASSO logistic regression models were compared to identify the best model fit by K-fold Cross-Validation in identifying some important predictors of attitudes of men toward wife beating. The LASSO Logistic regression model fit results are preferred over the binary multiple logistic regression because of the fact that it is parsimonious with the same average predicting accuracy and findings from this model showed that the predictors: region, place of residence, education levels, drinking status, and age of men are significantly associated with men’s attitudes toward wife beating. Offering the access to education for men and raising their level of education in the whole society may help reducing wife beating.
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    Trends and Determinants of Teenage Fertility in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-06-06) Bayu, Sosna; Tadesse, Mekonnen (Professer)
    Fertility during adolescence is associated with increased risk of maternal mortality, morbidity and premature termination of education. Once teenagers become pregnant or have children, they face serious problems which have impact on their family and the society at large. Data from four Ethiopia demographic and health surveys (EDHSs) conducted in 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2016 were used to describe the trend of teenage fertility in Ethiopia. Moreover, the 2016 EDHS data on women aged 15-19 years have been used to identify factors associated with teenage fertility. Multilevel (three-level) logistic regression models were used not only to identify the major risk factors of teenage fertility but also to determine variations of teenage fertility among various EAs and HH using the 2016 EDHS data. The _ndings from the multilevel logistic regression showed that religion, wealth status and ever-been married are signi_cantly associated with teenage fertility in Ethiopia.