Browsing by Author "Nigussie, Taye (PhD)"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Customary Land Ownership and Its Impact on Government Interventions: The Case of Peri-Urban Areas of Jig-Jiga Town
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-05) Ouma, Habtamu; Nigussie, Taye (PhD)
    The main objective of this study was to assess customary land ownership, related issues and government interventions with their challenging nexus and policy implications: And a special reference was made to those peri-urban areas of Jig-Jiga town. The necessary data for the study were generated both from primary and secondary sources. Hence, in-depth interviews, key-informant interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs) and documentary reviews were the principal means of generating data from primary and secondary sources. The findings of this study confirmed that despite many challenges customary land (farm lands, pasture lands, fenced lands) and the economic advantages derived from them; the homogeneity and other attributes of the community, particularly in terms of ethnicity and culture; and attributes of the body of rules constituting the customary land holding system were the main factors that enabled the users to kept intact and held land resources over many generations under their customary clan system in the study area. Thus, based on the findings of the study, merging the two systems into one has been practically impossible to the local government thereby interventions were challenged at times when customary lands needed. This is because there has been absence of a well-defined legal framework that supports the customary system in the town. Furthermore, the finding has also showed that the existing customary rules let individual clan members to exercise absolute control over their respective land and to have more freedom to transact their land in the informal ways. In addition, the finding indicated that government encroachments‟ to those customarily owned lands has been also devastating to the customary land owners. Such interpositions enforced customary land owners to transact their land unofficially thereby paved also the way for informal land market in the town. Therefore, harmonizing the current gap between the customary land rights and the statutory tenure system is the only possible way out for coping up with all the challenges and problems revealed in the findings. Therefore, any intervention policy or measures that will be applied in those areas should be based on understanding and harmonizing the gap between the two land tenure systems
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Impacts of Development-Induced Displacement and Relocation on the Livelihoods of Households in Dukem Area
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Ayele, Bikila; Nigussie, Taye (PhD)
    This study has examined the impacts of development projects on the livelihoods of displaced households in urban vicinity of Dukem area. It emphasized on assessing of compensation and rehabilitation strategies, the impacts of displacement on the household livelihoods, differential impact of displacement on affected households and the coping strategies adopted by displaced households. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In-depth interviews, FGDs, observation and survey method were used as tools of data collection. In addition, secondary data were also collected from different sources. To analyze the impact of displacement on the livelihoods of displaced people the study used Cernea‟s impoverishment risks and reconstruction model IRRM as theoretical and analytical framework. The study uncovered that the existing compensation scheme is monetary based, inadequate, delayed, and lack special consideration for highly vulnerable groups. Moreover, the proclamation and legal frameworks of compensation have no clear provision of livelihood rehabilitation schemes which resulted in failures of households to rebuild their livelihoods. The study also found that the majority of the displaced households experienced deterioration of their economic bases; landlessness, cattlelessness and joblessness which is resulted in lack of capacity to construct house, decline in productivity and food insecurity, socio-economic marginalization weakening of social networks and deterioration of access to community services after displacement. The study also revealed that poor farm households, elderly, households with large dependent members and lower level of education severely affected by the displacement. It was also depicted that diversification of income sources, rent of productive live stocks , sell of basic assets and educating children were the different coping strategies adopted at the local level. To solve such a problems the study suggested measures to be taken by different stakeholders such as government duty to devise and implement comprehensive compensation and rehabilitation policy, the importance of empowering and participating the community in decision making process, facilitating job creation and training, building social and human capitals of displacees
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Impacts of Development-Induced Displacement and Relocation on the Livelihoods of Households in Dukem Area
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-06) Ayele, Bikila; Nigussie, Taye (PhD)
    This study has examined the impacts of development projects on the livelihoods of displaced households in urban vicinity of Dukem area. It emphasized on assessing of compensation and rehabilitation strategies, the impacts of displacement on the household livelihoods, differential impact of displacement on affected households and the coping strategies adopted by displaced households. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In-depth interviews, FGDs, observation and survey method were used as tools of data collection. In addition, secondary data were also collected from different sources. To analyze the impact of displacement on the livelihoods of displaced people the study used Cernea‟s impoverishment risks and reconstruction model IRRM as theoretical and analytical framework. The study uncovered that the existing compensation scheme is monetary based, inadequate, delayed, and lack special consideration for highly vulnerable groups. Moreover, the proclamation and legal frameworks of compensation have no clear provision of livelihood rehabilitation schemes which resulted in failures of households to rebuild their livelihoods. The study also found that the majority of the displaced households experienced deterioration of their economic bases; landlessness, cattlelessness and joblessness which is resulted in lack of capacity to construct house, decline in productivity and food insecurity, socio-economic marginalization weakening of social networks and deterioration of access to community services after displacement. The study also revealed that poor farm households, elderly, households with large dependent members and lower level of education severely affected by the displacement. It was also depicted that diversification of income sources, rent of productive live stocks , sell of basic assets and educating children were the different coping strategies adopted at the local level. To solve such a problems the study suggested measures to be taken by different stakeholders such as government duty to devise and implement comprehensive compensation and rehabilitation policy, the importance of empowering and participating the community in decision making process, facilitating job creation and training, building social and human capitals of displacees
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    large-scale agricultural investment and its impacts on local communities: The Case of Gura-Ferda woreda of SNNPRS
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-12) Guta, Addisu; Nigussie, Taye (PhD)
    The main purpose of this study was to assess the effects of large-scale agricultural investments on local communities: And a special concentration was made on the situation in Gura-ferda woreda. The necessary data for the study were generated both from primary and secondary sources. Hence, in-depth interviews, key-informant interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs, observation and documentary reviews were the principal means of generating data from primary and secondary sources. The finding of this study shows the investment plan doesn't consider the specific contextual situation of the study area. The local communities' role and participation was non-existent in the process of land deals and local customary use patterns and rights never been recognized by the government while identifying suitable land for investors. However, the concept land certification and titling was non-existent, ownership certificate was the only criteria to identify the eligibility of the local communities to be considered as the owners and to take part and participate in the process of land deals and allocations. However, the land allocated to investors have been considered as vacant in the eyes of government officials, the arrival of investors resulted a change on holding and use patterns of cultivated land and other land based resources such as forest areas, grazing, water sources and pools, roads and transit routes by the local communities. , it has resulted economic, social, cultural and spiritual impoverishments among the local small holders. The impacts for the ressetler communities emanate from their eviction from their cultivable lands and water sources, while the me'enit communities suffered from the destructions on forest areas and grazing lands critical to their livelihood. The problematic nature of land deal and implementations of large-scale agricultural investments influenced the nature of relationships among local communities, local government and investors
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Role of Agricultural Cooperatives in Building Sustainable Livelihood for Rural Women: A Case Study of Women Members of Garagodo & Hembecho Cooperatives, Bolloso Sore Woreda, Wolaita Zone, SNNPR
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Tamirat, Muluken; Nigussie, Taye (PhD)
    The study on the Role of Agricultural Marketing Cooperative in Building Sustainable Livelihood for rural women in the case of Garagodo and Hembecho primary agricultural cooperative attempted to analyse the contribution of primary agricultural cooperative in enabling women to build sustainable livelihood which is capable of coping with and recover from vulnerability. The main objective of the study was to assess the role of primary agricultural cooperatives in enabling women to cope with stresses and shocks through building sustainable livelihood. By using the sustainable livelihood framework adopted from DFID (199), the study tried to illustrate how the cooperatives as transforming structure enabled women to build sustainable livelihood by accessing livelihood capitals. The study employed approximating longitudinal survey as research design. It also employed both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. The quantitative method of data collection employed survey method and the qualitative method of data collection employed in-depth interview, FGD, and observation methods. Using the methods, primary data was collected from sample members of the cooperatives, centrally placed officials from marketing and cooperative development offices and managerial bodies of the cooperative enterprises. Simple random sampling technique was employed so as to select sample respondents of the study. The finding of the study has revealed that the cooperatives provided women with various services including supply of agricultural inputs, credit services, marketing of agricultural input and output. Access to these services in turn enabled women to improve their productivity, augment their income, and build livelihood assets which are capable of withstanding risks and shocks. Despite these benefits it yielded to women, the cooperative encountered various problems that hampered the potential benefit of women, which calls for the due attention of concerned bodies
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    The Role of Microfinance Institution in Women’s Household Decision Making in AdamaWoreda: The Case of Oromiya Credit and Saving Share Company Microfinance Institution (OCSSCO)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-12) Negirew, Dirsan; Nigussie, Taye (PhD)
    It is widely accepted that women are central to household well-being and national economic development. However, the role of women is impeded because they generally hold a low status in many developing countries. Owing to historical and cultural disadvantages, women are also more vulnerable to poverty. In addition to being a human rights issue, the prevailing condition of women calls for taking measures to empower them. The decision making power of women is also the basis for transforming lives at the household level and in the wider society. It is therefore argued that microfinance services are considered as an effective instrument for empowerment of women in household decision making. This study has the objective of assessing the impact of microfinance in women‟s household decision making in the study area. The research was conducted at the Oromia Credit and Saving Share Company microfinance institution. The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative research methods to obtain a reliable data. Data were derived from a survey, in-depth interview and focus group discussion. In addition, the researcher has employed non participant observation. The study establishes that improved access to microfinance has been able to empower women economically. Although the results vary, the study indicated that the income and saving levels of the majority of the clients have increased after the delivery of microfinance. Encouraging results have also been shown in the enhancement of the women‟s occupation, self-confidence with respect to the capability to work on their own business and improve their lives. On the other hand, there seems no enhancement in the decision making power of women predominantly among the aged ones