Browsing by Author "Lijaemiro Hana"

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    Incidence of Surgical site Infection and Factors Associated among Cesarean Deliveries in Selected Government Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019 G.C.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-06) Lijaemiro Hana; Berhe Semarya; Tesfaye Jembere
    Background: One to two third of operated patients in low-income countries acquire surgical siteinfections, which is nine times higher when it is compared to high – resource countries.Identifying the incidence and risk factors that contribute for surgical site infection followingcesarean delivery is a step ahead for preventing and reducing the problem. Nonetheless, the distribution of the problem in Addis Ababa, where the rate of cesarean delivery is relatively high compared to other parts of the country, is under investigated. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the incidence of surgical site infection among CDs and factors associated with it in selected government hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2019. Method: A hospital-based prospective cohort study design was employed to follow 175 women, who gave birth by CD inselected government hospitals in Addis Ababa, from March 11 – April 19, 2019. Convenience sampling method was used to select study units from the randomly selected hospitals.Descriptive statistics were run for determining rate of CD SSI. Presence and degree of association between outcome and independent variables was computed through bivariate logistic regression analysis. Factors that had ≤ 0.2 significance level in the bivariate logistic regressionanalysis was considered in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. AResult: From 166participants who completed 30 day follow-up, 25 (15%) of the participants developed SSI. Age,gestational age, and duration of operation showed a significant association with the outcomevariable with AOR (95%CI) of [(AOR = 1.504, 95% CI: (1.170 – 1.933))], [(AOR = 0.019, 95%CI: (0.001 – 0.291))], and [(AOR = 1.108, 95% CI: (1.025 – 1.197))] respectively. Conclusionand recommendation: SSI rate is higher in this study. Certain associations may be lost due tosmall sample size. Further interventional studies with vast sample size are recommended.Enhanced regulation of infection control policy, implementation of improved surgicaltechniques, and persistent hand hygiene among respective stakeholders can avert the condition.
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    Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia and its Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa in 2020/21G.c.
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-05) Wodaje, Markos; Tadele Niguse; Lijaemiro Hana
    Background Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequent hematologic disorders encountered in the sickneonate. This is evidenced by a fairly high prevalence among neonates admitted to theneonatal intensive care unit 22%-35%, especially in very-low-birth-weight and pretermneonates its prevalence is up to 70%-80%. In Africa, the prevalence of neonatalthrombocytopenia in Nigeria is 53%, 12.4% in Tunisia, and 16.2% in Libya. However, inEthiopia, no study assessed both its prevalence and associated factors. This study assessed theprevalence of thrombocytopenia and its associated factors among neonates admitted toneonatal intensive care unit at public hospitals in Addis Ababa in 2020/21. Methodology: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted at NICU of selectedAddis Ababa public hospitals from February 15thto March 15th, 2021. Single populationproportion formula is used to determine sample size. The final sample size is 423. Datacollected by using pretested, data extraction checklist for chart review by data collector. Thecollected data entered using Epi data and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Variablesthat have P-value <0.05 in bivarite entered in to multivariable logistic regression model tocontrol for confounder. Statistical significance declared at p-value <0.05. Results: The prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in the study area is 66%.In this studyvariables such as eclampsia(AOR=4.8, 95%CI: 1.66-13.94), Prolonged rupture ofmembrane(AOR=0.26, 95%CI:0.101-0.669), Intra uterine growth retardation(AOR=0.26,95%CI: 0.1-0.68), neonatal sepsis (AOR=11.98, 95%CI: 4.023-35.7), Perinatalasphyxia(AOR=6.68, 95%CI: 1.616-27.6), Necrotizing enterocolitis (AOR=14.6, 95%CI:2.84-75.61) and prolonged nothing per oath(AOR=0.243,95%CI: 0.084-0.705) were factorsassociated with neonatal thrombocytopenia. Conclusion and recommendation: Prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in Addis Ababapublic hospitals neonatal intensive care unit is high. Therefore, identifying factors associatedwith it used as an input in reducing the problem.
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    Trend and Determinants of Treatment outcome of Severe Malaria among under-five Children Admitted in Karat Primary Hospital, Konso Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2021: Retrospective Cross-sectional study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-10) Kusheta Gudeta; Gebremichael Bereket; Lijaemiro Hana
    Background: Despite rigorous global and national efforts, malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children. It causes a serious healthand economic burden globally, in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia in particular.In 2019, children alone contribute 67% of the global malaria mortality burden. Fewstudies were conducted to determine the trend, treatment outcome of severe malaria andits determinants among under-five children in Ethiopia. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to assess trend and determinants of treatmentoutcome of severe malaria among under-five children in karat primary hospital, konsozone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: An institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.Consecutive sampling was applied for the trend analysis of five-year malaria incidencefrom Feb 08-Mar 08 2021. 254 charts were selected by systematic random samplingtechnique from June10-30,2021. Data was collected by trained data collectors using apre-tested checklist. The collected data was cleaned and entered using Epi-data 4.6 andanalyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the studyvariables. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions was used to determine theassociation between determinants and outcome variable. Odds ratio with 95% CI wasused to show the direction and strength of association. P-value <0.05 was used to declarestatistical significance. Result: From a total of 7663 malaria suspects, 2572 was confirmed positive making overall positivity of 33.5%. Plasmodium falciparum attributed for 1904(74%) of confirmedcases. Fluctuating up and down trend with seasonal variation with highest cases wasobserved in autumn and the lowest in winter of the all years. Among 254 childrenadmitted with severe malaria 37(14.6%) was died. Children in age group of 48-59months AOR =0.04 (95% CI 0.00-0.87), government employed mothers AOR=0.19(95% CI 0.04-0.92), co-morbidity AOR=14.08 (95% CI 3.04-65.27), prolonged hospitalstay AOR=10.31(2.55-41.67) and late treatment seeking AOR=6.37 (95% CI,1.67- 25)were more likely to die. Conclusion: Malaria remained the common public health challenge in the study areawith no significant reduction during the five-year period. The mortality due to severmalaria was also high with various factors such as age of the child, maternalemployment, co-morbidity, prolonged hospital stays and late treatment seeking wassome of the factors that increased the odds of death. Therefore, intensification of keyintervention activities should be implemented with the focus on the identified riskfactors.