Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia and its Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa in 2020/21G.c.
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Date
2021-05
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequent hematologic disorders encountered in the sick
neonate. This is evidenced by a fairly high prevalence among neonates admitted to the
neonatal intensive care unit 22%-35%, especially in very-low-birth-weight and preterm
neonates its prevalence is up to 70%-80%. In Africa, the prevalence of neonatal
thrombocytopenia in Nigeria is 53%, 12.4% in Tunisia, and 16.2% in Libya. However, in
Ethiopia, no study assessed both its prevalence and associated factors. This study assessed the
prevalence of thrombocytopenia and its associated factors among neonates admitted to
neonatal intensive care unit at public hospitals in Addis Ababa in 2020/21.
Methodology: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted at NICU of selected
Addis Ababa public hospitals from February 15
th
to March 15
th
, 2021. Single population
proportion formula is used to determine sample size. The final sample size is 423. Data
collected by using pretested, data extraction checklist for chart review by data collector. The
collected data entered using Epi data and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Variables
that have P-value <0.05 in bivarite entered in to multivariable logistic regression model to
control for confounder. Statistical significance declared at p-value <0.05.
Results: The prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in the study area is 66%.In this study
variables such as eclampsia(AOR=4.8, 95%CI: 1.66-13.94), Prolonged rupture of
membrane(AOR=0.26, 95%CI:0.101-0.669), Intra uterine growth retardation(AOR=0.26,
95%CI: 0.1-0.68), neonatal sepsis (AOR=11.98, 95%CI: 4.023-35.7), Perinatal
asphyxia(AOR=6.68, 95%CI: 1.616-27.6), Necrotizing enterocolitis (AOR=14.6, 95%CI:
2.84-75.61) and prolonged nothing per oath(AOR=0.243,95%CI: 0.084-0.705) were factors
associated with neonatal thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion and recommendation: Prevalence of neonatal thrombocytopenia in Addis Ababa
public hospitals neonatal intensive care unit is high. Therefore, identifying factors associated
with it used as an input in reducing the problem.
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Keywords
Neonate, thrombocytopenia, platelet, neonatal intensive care unit